Innate defences inflammation and chemical barriers

Question 1

What is inflammation?

Answer 1

A tissue response to injury or infection

Question 2

What is the function of inflammation

Answer 2

Stop the spread of pathogens and infection

Question 3

What is inflammation characterized by?

Answer 3

by redness, swelling, heat, and pain

Question 4

What is the Major events of the inflammatory response include:

Answer 4

Dilation of blood vessels, to increase of blood volume (causes redness)
Increased capillary permeability, which leads to oedema and heat
Attraction of white blood cells into the affected area, for phagocytosis
Blood clotting & fibrin thread formation
Fibroblasts secrete chemicals that produce a sac around the area to wall off infection; inhibits spread of infection

Question 5

What is a chemical barrier?

Answer 5

Chemicals that kill many pathogens

Question 6

What is an acidic environment in a chemical barrier

Answer 6

HCl in gastric juice is lethal to some pathogens

Question 7

Examples of enzymes in chemical barrier

Answer 7

pepsin in the stomach and lysozyme in tears, destroy many pathogens

Question 8

What are interferons in a chemical barrier?

Answer 8

hormone-like peptides secreted by lymphocytes and fibroblasts when viruses or tumour cells are present, block viral replication and slow tumour growth

Question 9

What are complement in a chemical barrier?

Answer 9

, a group of proteins in body fluids, stimulates inflammation, attracts phagocytes and enhances phagocytosis and antibody action