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RC: CPS Woo Hoo > Injury Prevention > Flashcards

Injury Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

Leading cause of death in kids 1-19 y.o.?

A

Unintentional injuries

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2
Q

T or F: We need comprehensive and structured child death review in each region with linkable database?

A

True

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3
Q

T or F: Systematic child death review may lead to better recognition trend like RF or systemic issue

A

True

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4
Q

What are the objectives of child and youth death review?

A
  1. accurate and consistent reporting of cause + manner of death
  2. improved communication btwn agencies
  3. improved agency response when investigating deaths
  4. improved agency response in protecting siblings
  5. improved criminal investigation of homicide
  6. better deliver of services to kids + family
  7. ID specific barriers + issues in death of kids
  8. ID significant RF and trend in child death
  9. ID and advocate for needed changes in legislation and expand prevention efforts
  10. increase public awareness + advocacy
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5
Q

What is the purpose of the child death review?

A

comprehensive review of child death
to better understand how and why they die
avoid HCP fault-finding
share information

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6
Q

What is the Haddon Matrix

A

injuries are result of harmful interaction btw

host + dx vector + environment

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7
Q

What factors impact injuries?

A

Gender (M)
Aboriginal
Rural
SES

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8
Q

What are the E’s of injury prevention?

A

Education: public awareness of best practice
Enforcement: rules, policy
Engineering: safer products, roads etc.

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9
Q

How can we reduce injury burden in Canada?

A
  1. Pan-Canada strategy
  2. Support injury prevention body
  3. Educate Public
  4. Enforce rules
  5. Engineer safer products
  6. Sustain and advance current surveillance
  7. Sustain and advance current research
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10
Q

What are all terrain vehicles?

A

4 wheel

motorized vehicle w/ large low pressure tires

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11
Q

T or F: there are diff minimum operating age for ATV across Canada?

A

True

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12
Q

T or F: as per CPS kids < 16 y.o. should operate ATV

A

False

- should not if < 16

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13
Q

What are CPS recommendations for 16 y.o. kids w/ ATV?

A
  1. helmet, eye protection, protective clothing, footwear at ALL times
  2. no passengers; single rider
  3. no driving if alcohol or other impairing substance
  4. complete approved training course pre-driving
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14
Q

What legislation changes should we make re: ATV?

A
  • training course, license + registration
  • min. driver 16 y.o.
  • helmet mandatory
  • restrict passengers
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15
Q

T or F: playground injuries are more common in the winter?

A

False

- more common in summer

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16
Q

What is the most common playground injury?

A

Fall

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17
Q

List Strategies to reduce playground injuries.

A
  1. Reduce max fall ht
  2. Reduce risk of falling from equipment (i.e. barriers, vertical bar to discourage climbing etc.)
  3. Improve protective surface under play (loose fill i.e.)
  4. Active supervision always
18
Q

FB ingestion peak is what age?

A

9-11 month age

19
Q

List choking and suffocation hazards in the home?

A
  1. Small objects (i.e. round smooth < 1.5 inch, button, bottle caps, disc batteries)
  2. Cords (i.e. pull cords > 8 inch)
  3. Suffocation - crib budding, plastic bag
  4. Entrapment- poor air supply or heavy lid like chests, freezers etc.
20
Q

List foods that should be avoided and those needed special prep to avoid choking w/ infant + toddlers.

A

AVOID: hard candy, gummy, peanut, sunflower seeds, fish w/ bones

CUT: grapes, hot dogs, sausage, + grate carrot or apples

21
Q

CPS recommendation re: preventing choking and suffocation.

A
  • CPR for all families
  • educate parent
  • product design
  • legislation (stnd play equipment)
  • research: new hazard and effective tx
22
Q 
Provide basic advice for preventing choking and suffocation for: 
(A) newborn to 2 mo
(B) 4-6 mo
(C)6-12 mo
(D) 1-4 (preschool)
A

(A) newborn to 2 mo
- crib must meet govnmt standards
- avoid soft bedding, bumper pad or soft toy
- sleep on back
- avoid toys with string or cord > 8 inch (20 cm)
- fasten harness strap properly in car and others
(B) 4-6 mo.
- be on constant lookout for hazard
- remove suspending crib toy or mobile
- crib away from blind or cords
- cut, tie blind and curtain cords
(C) 6-12 mo
- supervise mealtime
- check floor, furniture, cough for hazards
- avoid clothing w/ drawstrings
- keep pet food off the floor
- tie plastic bags in a knot
(D) Preschool
- avoid magnetic toy, no latex balloon, large beads only for stringing, ensure toy box safe, remove cycle helmet in parks

23
Q

Risk Factors for ski + snowboarding injuries:

A
  • age (young)
  • sex (M)
  • skill (beginners)
  • equipment (poor; improve with better eqpmt)
  • poor facility
24
Q

List some protective factors for ski + snowboarding

A
  • older
  • F
  • getting formal instruction
  • advanced skill
  • better equipment + fit
  • wearing protective equipment (i.e. helmet, goggle)
  • good facility (mandatory helmet, slope condition)
  • following the alpine responsibility code
25
Q

T or F: helmets reduce risk of cervical spine injuries in ski or snowboarding?

A

False.

- do however reduce risk of head injury

26
Q

Describe the Alpine Responsibility Code.

A

code in snow sports program to reduce injury

  • beginners must take lessons
  • never ski or snowboard alone
  • maintain and check equipment
  • exercise and stretch w/ activity
  • stay on marked trails
  • follow responsibility code
  • be alert to environmental hazards
  • wear proper gear
  • go on hill as per your skill level
  • quit before too tired
27
Q

List the top 3 infant/child car seat errors:

A
  1. Seat not tightly secured to car
  2. Harness not snug
  3. Chest clip not at armpit level
28
Q

When do you switch car seats?

A

1= rear facing
2= forward facing
- min. 1 year + 10 kg (22 lb) + able to walk
3= Booster seat
- min. 40 lb (18 kg)
4= Seatbelt
- min. 80 lb (36 kg) + min. 8 y.o.+ 4 ft 9 inch (145 cm)

29
Q

What do you want to avoid in prem and small infants?

A
  • shields
  • abdo pads
  • arm rests
30
Q

Where should child be seated in the car (front, rear)?

A

rear until 13 y.o.

Exception: compact extended pick up front row safer than second but REAR facing seat should never be installed in the front.

31
Q

T or F: a rear facing seat can be placed in the front of the car?

A

False

32
Q

T or F: It’s okay to place infant to sleep in car seat

A

False

- always supine in crib

33
Q

How do you know the correct booster seat positioning?

A
  • shoulder part should not touch neck

- should be able to bend knees over edge of seat when sitting upright

34
Q

What winter sport associated with highest rate of serious injury?

A

Snowmobiling

35
Q

T or F: CPS does not recommend rec use of snowmobiles by kids < 16 y.o.

A

True

36
Q

T or F: CPS recommend graduated licensing program for snowmobilers 16 y.o. and older

A

True

37
Q

Protective recommendations for 16 y.o. snowmobilers:

A
  • graduated licensing
  • new licenses only restricted to daylight hours
  • safe speeds only
  • protective clothing (goggles, suit)
  • always helmet
  • bright colour flags
  • carry first aid kid, emergency kit, survival kit etc.
  • travel in groups of two + on marked trails away from roads
  • do not carry > 1 passenger
  • no alcohol or drugs
  • maintain and upkeep snowmobile
38
Q

T or F: swimming programs for < 4 y.o. effective drowning prevention strategy.

A

FALSE

  • < 4 y.o. do not have developmental ability to master water survival skill and swim independently
39
Q

List some CPS recommendation for swimming lessons for infants + toddler

A
  • swim instruction via trained instructors
  • residential pools fenced x 4 sides
  • constant supervision
  • personal floatation device used for all young + those who can’t swim
  • parents + poor owners get CPR training
40
Q

T or F: helmets reduce risk of head injuries while cycling.

A

True

41
Q

T or F: there is EBM that legislation has negative effects like reducing bicycling missing.

A

False

42
Q

What can we do to reduce head injuries with bicycles?

A
  • Helmets for all: legislate + enforce for all ages
  • MD counsel on wearing helmet
  • raise awareness + social marketing
  • other strategies for safety too (i.e. bicycle lanes, pathways for commuting)
  • sales tax exemption for purchasing helmet
  • future research on unintended effects of legislation

RC: CPS Woo Hoo (9 decks)

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