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240 > Injury prevention > Flashcards

Injury prevention Flashcards

1
Q

internal factors

A

-screening and fitness and conditioning

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2
Q

external factors

A

environmental and protective equipment

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3
Q

screening is the ….

A

initial preparticipation exam prior to the start of a season is beneficial

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4
Q

the purpose of screening is to identify

A

an athlete who may be at risk

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5
Q

screening may include

A

-medical history, physical examination and wellness screening

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6
Q

the goal of screening is to

A

establish a baseline (helps to understand what injury theyve had i.e concussion , how it was managed)

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7
Q

medical history

A

completed before the examination to identify past and existing medical conditions

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8
Q

medical history should be updated

A

yearly and closely reviewed by medical personnel

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9
Q

good way to organize medical info

A

create personal information card

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10
Q

medical history examples

A

American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)
Basic generic musculoskeletal

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11
Q

Physical examination is for

A

no reason, typically done once and they are good.

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12
Q

wellness screening purpose

A

determine if athlete is engaged in a healthy lifestyle

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13
Q

questions for a wellness screening should include

A

-diet
-exercise and weight control
-lifestyle habits that pose a threat to wellness (alchohol,drug,tobacco,and stress)
-sleep habits

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14
Q

training age is

A

the total training time/ experience the athlete has in that aspect of physical training

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15
Q

training age gives

A

a general history of athlete development

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16
Q

training age provides insight on how

A

an athlete will adapt to an increase in training and competition intensity

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17
Q

flexibility (mobility) is the ability to

A

move a joint through full ROM

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18
Q

Normal ROM

A

has been recognized as acceptable for normal daily function

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19
Q

plyometric ability is

A

rapid stretch and eccentric contraction followed by a rapid concentric contraction to create a forceful explosive movement

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20
Q

what is integral for physical development component for injury reduction?

A

plyometric ability

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21
Q

Fitness testing purpose

A

provide staff with information regarding fitness and preparedness
-also gives the baseline

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22
Q

fitness testing can assess

A

all facets of training and conditioning with established tests and protocols

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23
Q

functional assessments and movement screen provide

A

a snapshot in time
-information on movement patterns,balance,and coordination.

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24
Q

purpose of a general warmup:

A

prevention against musculosketal injury and soreness
-stimulates cardiorespiratory system

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25
Q

general warmup increases

A

metabolic processes, core temperature, and muscle elasticity

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26
Q

dynamic warmup is the

A

use of sport specific movements to prepare body for activity

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27
Q

dynamic warmup enhances

A

coordination and motor ability and stimulates the nervous system

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28
Q

FIFA 11+ dynamic warmup is a

A

specificallly designed pre-event injury reduction protocol

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29
Q

FIFA 11+ dynamic warmup is designed to

A

designed to reduce occurence of non-contact knee injuries in soccer

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30
Q

approx ____ amount of decrease in injuries when followed 2-3times / week in soccer

A

40%

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31
Q

environmental conditions:

A

heat,cold,lightning

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32
Q

areas of concern for environmental conditions:

A

-hyperthermia, hypothermia, lightning storms

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33
Q

Heat stress is

A

preventable

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34
Q

when ______ and ______ are higher than body temp loss of heat through _______ is key

A

radiant heat and environment temp, evaporation

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35
Q

air must be

A

relativeley water free for evaporation to occur

36
Q

what % of humidity impairs evaporation?

A

65%

37
Q

what % of humidity stops evaporation?

A

75%

38
Q

hydration should begin

A

during the 24 hours prior to the activity

39
Q

fluids are to be consumed at

A

regular intervals
(i.e 20 oz of water or sports drink 2-3 hours prior to activity and additional 10 oz 10-20 min before excercise)

40
Q

mild dehydration occurs when

A

2% of body weight is lost in fluid

41
Q

dehydration will impair

A

cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses

42
Q

signs and symptoms of dehydration:

A

thirst,dizziness,dry mouth, irritability fatigue,possible cramps

43
Q

must move individual to a _______ environment and begin ________

A

cool environment and rehydration

44
Q

when dehydrated we want athlete to return to

A

normal weight and absence of symptoms

45
Q

how much water does the body require when engaged in minimal activity

A

2.5 L

46
Q

what needs to be a part of the fluid?

A

electrolytes, (salt and magnesium)

47
Q

monitoring hydration through body weight pre/post activity:

A

greater than 2% loss in body weight is considered threat remove player until normal weight and hydration is acheived

48
Q

acclimatization is the

A

most effective method in avoiding heat stress
— involves becoming accustomed to the heat and excercising in heat

49
Q

equipment restrictions may help

A

athlete gradually acclimate

50
Q

exertional heat exhaustion is the result of

A

inadequate fluid replacement and inability to sustain adequate cardiac output.

51
Q

symptoms of exertional heat exhaustion may include:

A

profuse sweating, pale skin, mildly elevated temp, dizziness, nauseam vomiting or diarrhea, hyperventilation, persistent muscle cramps. and loss of coordination

52
Q

exertional heat exhaustion core/rectal temp will be

A

lessthan<105 degrees

53
Q

treatment for exertional heat exhaustion: 3 things

A

1.fluid ingestion
2. place in cool environment
3.remove excess clothing

54
Q

exertional heat exhaustion return2play:

A

must be fully hydrated, best practice would be cleared by physician

55
Q

if exertional heat exhaustion isn’t properly treated it could turn into

A

exertional heat stroke

56
Q

exertional heat stroke is a

A

serious life-threatneing condition

57
Q

exertional heat stroke symptoms

A

sudden collapse loss of consciousness, CNS disfunction, flushed hot skin,minimal sweating, shallow breathing, strong rapid pulse, core temperature > 105 degrees

58
Q

exertional heat stroke what to do

A

-remove clothing
-sponge with cool water
-use ice packs (armpits, groin, back of head)
-transport to hospital immediately

59
Q

what % of body heat is lost through raditation?

A

65% (50 % through head and neck)

60
Q

what % of body heat is lost through evaporation?

A

20%

61
Q

____ through skin and ______ through respiration

A

2/3 (skin) and 1/3 (respiration)

62
Q

cold injury prevention:

A

-waterproof and windproof fabric
-layers and adjusting to maintain body temp
-be aware of hydration lvls to enhance blood volume and heat maintenance

63
Q

lightning is the

A

second cause of death by weather

64
Q

what must in place for lightning type of event

A

EAP, involving chain of command,monitoring weather, and descision to make removal and return to field

65
Q

guidlelines for lightning:

A

avoid large trees, light poles, standing water, pools, showers and metal objects
last resort find car, ravine,ditch, or valley for safety

66
Q

if hair stands up on hand this means

A

you are in immediate danger and should get down on the ground but not as flat that surface area increases

67
Q

the ____, _____, and _____ of protective equipment are critical in injury prevention

A

selection, fitting and maintenance

68
Q

football helmets generally have

A

air or fluid filled pockets to absorb force (padding inflates to fit players head shape)

69
Q

the face guard system in football helmet:

A

has isolated attachment points, reducing jarring from low-level impact to face guard

70
Q

hockey helmets must

A

withstand high velocity impact (stick or puck) and high mass low velocity impact

71
Q

hockey helmets will disperse force over

A

a large area and decelerate forces that would act on head (energy absorption liner)

72
Q

a properly fited helmet will dispearse

A

force better (absorbs force better and allows it to do its job)

73
Q

Hockey Helmets must be approved by the

A

Canadian Standards Association or the Hockey Equipment Certification Council

74
Q

good fitting football helmet must:

A

-cover sub occipital bone
-front of skull is protected
-ear holes align
-how does it twist/rotate
-tilt
-can i push down

75
Q

whats more important the fit or the technology of helmet?

A

fit

76
Q

poor fitting age characteristics:

A

cage not aligned with clips
should be in contact with the chin

77
Q

general shoulder pad rules of fitting:

A

inside of pad should cover tip of shoulder in line with lateral aspect of shoulder
-shoulder cups should cover deltoid and allow motion
-straps under arms should hold pads firmly in place without soft tissue restriction

78
Q

effectiveness of taping is

A

not the best, loosen up after 5-10 min of play

79
Q

ankle braces have

A

little or no negative impact on performance

80
Q

compared to tape ankle braces will not

A

loosen

81
Q

sometimes there is difficulkty in fitting brace in

A

sport specific shoe

82
Q

Knee braces are to prevent

A

re-injury or further injury to ligaments

83
Q

knee braces are often warn

A

prophylactically

84
Q

functional knee braces are used

A

during and following rehab to provide functional support
ready-made and customized

85
Q

neoprene (with medial and lateral support) are used by

A

those who have sustained collateral ligament injuries
some are also used to provide support in those who have patellofemoral conditions

86
Q
A

240 (4 decks)

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