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*Summative Evaluation > Injections, IVs, and ECGs > Flashcards

Injections, IVs, and ECGs Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for an IM injection?

A

Administer medication or vaccination to be absorbed by muscular vasculature

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2
Q

contraindications to IM injection

A 
allergy to substance being injection
infected area (cellulitis)
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3
Q

For IM No more than ___ mL in infants and small children

A

1 mL

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4
Q

For IM injections No more than ____ mL in older children and small adults

A

2 mL

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5
Q

THe larger the volume of medication…..

A

larger the selection muscle

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6
Q

preferred site for IM injections for infants

A

vastus lateralis

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7
Q

in a young child how should you angle the needle in an IM injection?

A

perpendicular to the thigh

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8
Q

in infants for an IM injection how do you angle the needle?

A

45 degree angle

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9
Q

most important thing to know with injection

A

Aspirate it, if blood comes up don’t inject it

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10
Q

what is a deeper site for IM that is generally less painful?

A

ventrogluteal muscle

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11
Q

how to give an injection in the ventrogluteal muscle

A

Place your palm over the greater trochanter with the index finger over the ASIS and the middle finger over the posterior iliac crest (makes a V shape)
Insert the needle directly into the V slightly angled to the iliac crest

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12
Q

what do you need to be aware of with a dorsogluteal muscle?

A

sciatic nerve (and some large blood vessels)

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13
Q

who can you no do a dorsogluteal IM injection in?

A

children younger than 3

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14
Q

how to give a dorsogluteal muscle IM?

A

Locate the correct spot in the upper, outer quadrant of the buttock, 6 – 8 cm below the posterior iliac crest
Draw a line between the greater trochanter and PSIS. The ideal injection site is superior and lateral to this line

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15
Q

what is the volume you can inject into the deltoid?

A

0.5-1.0 mL

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16
Q

where should you inject the deltoid muscle?

A

upper 1/3 of the muscle

The injection site should be 2 – 3 finger breadths below the lower border of the acromion process

17
Q

What should you do for all IM injections?

A
  1. clean are w/ alcohol pad and let dry
  2. grasp muscle and spread skin w/ thumb and index finger
  3. Insert the needle and aspirate for blood
  4. If blood aspirate –> remove and insert into a different site
  5. insert med slowly
  6. remove the needle and apply pressure w/ sterile gauze
18
Q

potential complications for giving IM injections?

A 
thrombosis of blood vessels
nerve damage
osteomyelitis
hematoma or bleeding
pain/discomfort at site of injection
SQ infection at site
ADR to med
19
Q

follow-up instructions for IM injection

A

Return to clinic for any persistent erythema or pain that is not resolving

20
Q

indication for SQ injection

A

Administer medication or vaccination into vascular connective tissue below the dermis

21
Q

only what type meds can be given SQ?

A

water soluble

0.5 mL or less

22
Q

preferred sites for SQ injection

A

outer aspect of upper arm
anterior aspect of upper thigh
abdomen b/w inferior costal margin and superior iliac crest

23
Q

if you aspirate with blood for a SQ injection what do you do?

A

throw out the injection and start over again

24
Q

potential complications for SQ injections

A 
Hematoma or bleeding
Pain/discomfort
Subcutaneous infection
Thrombosis of blood vessels
Nerve damage
Adverse drug reactions
Hypertrophy of the skin can occur with frequent injections at the same site
25
Q

indication to start an IV

A

To gain access to a vein for administration of medication or fluids

26
Q

contraindications to starting an IV

A

Scarring or infection at the injection site

27
Q

potential complications of starting an IV

A

hematoma
extravasation
phlebitis

28
Q

EKG indication

A

To help diagnose possible heart disease (coronary, valvular, or rhythm disorders)

29
Q

V1 placement

A

4th intercostal space at RSB

30
Q

V2 placement

A

4th intercostal space at LSB

31
Q

V3 placement

A

midway between V2 and V4

32
Q

V4 placement

A

5th intercostal space at MCL just below the nipple

33
Q

V5 placement

A

anterior axillary line lateral to V4

34
Q

V6 placement

A

mid-axillary line lateral to V5

35
Q

inferior leads

A

II, III and aVF

RCA

36
Q

lateral leads

A

I, aVL, V5 and V6

circumflex artery

37
Q

septal leads

A

V1 and V2

LAD

38
Q

anterior leads

A

V3 and V4

LAD

*Summative Evaluation (7 decks)

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