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Serious Crime Investigations > Initial Response > Flashcards

Initial Response Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of Initial Police responders

A
  • attending the scene at an early age
  • taking control of the situation
  • co-ordinating tasks
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2
Q

Some incidents are not initially identifiable as homicide. Such incidents may include…..

SHAV MID FUS

A
  • missing person
  • sudden unexplained death of an infant
  • unexplained death
  • report of an abduction
  • report of violence where no fatalities are anticipated
  • crime scene without a body present
  • hit and run vehicle collision
  • suicide
  • fatal fire
  • drug related deaths
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3
Q

Initial Responsibilities VAWSEEPO

A

Victim - identify/locate

Appreciation - initial appreciation assess personal risk then preserve life

Witnesses - locate/contain

Scene - preserve

Exhibits - note and preserve

Elements - Ingredients of alleged offence established

Powers - identify and consider execution

Offender - identify/arrest

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4
Q

Definition of an Appreciation

A

A proven method of problem solving. It considers all appropriate factors and weighs the benefits and risks of all alternative solutions allowing sound decisions to be taken.

Ongoing process which involves continually thinking through each piece of new information as it’s uncovered

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5
Q

What are the benefits of applying an appreciation

AIR RUDEO

A
  • Informs all police what they expect to achieve
  • Increased the chances of success
  • Establishes a sequence of activities to be carried out
  • Manages risks
  • Reduces uncertainty
  • Eliminates duplication
  • Ensures nothing is overlooked
  • Effective use of resources
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6
Q

What are the four steps in an appreacation

A
  • Aim
  • Factors
  • Courses open
  • Plan
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7
Q

Definition of Aim

A

Short one line statement sufficiently demonstrates a single objective

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8
Q

What is a factor

A

Any circumstance or fact that could possible have an effect on the manner in which you will achieve your desired outcome
eg, environment, weather, resources, location of suspects, preservation of evidence

So what……therefore

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9
Q

Definition of Courses open

A

List of all possible ways the aim could be achieved bearing in mind the factors and the deductions made from those factors

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10
Q

Definition of Plan

A

A proposed course of action designed to put the selected course into action in order to achieve the aim
Must be:
- logical outcome of the appreciation
- clear, concise and leave no room for misinterpretaion
- consistently considerate of safety issues
- recorded
- delivered using “SMEAC”

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11
Q

What information should be obtained from the informant/complainant

HAS SAVR DDD

A
  • identity and location of suspect
  • first hand account of what they know
  • precise details of the scene location
  • circumstances leading to discovery
  • identity of the victim
  • details of anyone else at the scene
  • full contact details of the complainant/informant
  • demeanour of the complainant/informant
  • relationship of the complainant/informant to the victim/suspect
  • details of action the complainant/informant has taken and where they have been
  • details of any hazards or safety issues that may affect Police approaching the scene/victim
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12
Q

If there is a delay in Police arriving at the scene what may you ask the informant to do to reduce the risk of evidence being lost or contaminated

GET PA

A
  • return to the scene and guard it (if considered safe)
  • not to enter the obvious boundaries of the scene
  • not to touch or move anything
  • prevent others from entering or touching the scene
  • await Police arrival and identify themselves to first police at the scene
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13
Q

It is imperative that Police responders do what at the crime scene prior to initial action

A

Conduct and appreciation and reconnaissance.

Ensure their own safety, safety of other responders and that of others present at the scene

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14
Q

What are the three physical categories of victims at a crime scene

A
  • Alive and uninjured
  • Alive but injured
  • Shows no signs of life
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15
Q

What to do if victim is “alive and uninjured”

A

Proceed to preserving the scene

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16
Q

What to do if victim is “alive but injured”

HAND

A
  • Call ambulance, consider CPR (if required)
  • Note original body position and record any previous movements if body has to be moved
  • Details of ambulance crew and destination if transported to hospital
  • Accompany to hospital or attend hospital without delay
17
Q

What steps should be taken on arrival at the hospital with the victim

CCIBB FAD VPP

A
  1. Obtain medical opinion of victims condition
  2. Seize victims clothing/possession as evidence
  3. Establish victims identity
  4. Obtain pre-transfusion blood sample using police tox kit
  5. Seize any discarded bandages use to cover gun shot wounds and record position where it had been applied
  6. Arrange firearms residue samples (where firearm use is suspected)
  7. Not and photograph injuries
  8. DNA swabs taken from victims skin where relevant
  9. Obtain details of persons who visit or contact the victim
  10. Prelim interview with victim. Dying declaration statement, consider
    • nature of the statement
    • contents of the statement
    • circumstances relating to the making of it
    • circumstance relating to the veracity of the person
    • circumstances relating to accuracy of the
      observation of the person
  11. Prelim interview with ambos and emergency staff
18
Q

What to do if the victim has “shows no signs of life”

SINCE CRL BOSS O

A
  1. Consider ambulance and CPR. Note original position and record movements
  2. REMAIN with body until relieved by CIB/supervisor
  3. LIFE extinct by doctor (unless obvious)
  4. Treat victim as a SCENE
  5. Leave CLOTHES on body (instruct medical staff)
  6. REQUEST needles, connecting tubes, bandages etc left in situ (if medical treatment given)
  7. Scoping INTERVIEWS with medical staff
  8. Ascertain if victim SPOKE to anyone before death and what was said
  9. Record BODY POSITION, lividity, injures, clothing
  10. Record OBSERVATIONS (smell, sight, sound)
  11. EXHIBITS
  12. SKETCH (body position and exhibits)
  13. Provide info to OC investigation early
19
Q

Initial action to preserve the scene

ISPCR

A
  1. IDENTIFY
    Initial assessment, powers, crime scene, common approach path, other related scenes, observations, SFP, SITREP
  2. SECURE
    Exercise powers secure scene, remove persons, cordon, scene guard, crime scene log, prevent loss/damage to evidence, prevent unauthorised persons leaving/entering scene
  3. PRESERVE
    Best path into scene, record movement/action taken, preserve what is there leave in situ, stepping plates, immediate action to preserve/record evidence
  4. CONSIDER
    Initial photographs of scene and persons present
  5. RECORD
    Integrity of the scene (crime scene log), precise scene details and. location of victim, sketch scene, photograph/video scene, identify anything which is moved and report to OC investigation
20
Q

Definition if a crime scene log

A

Records the DETAILS, TIME, PURPOSE of all persons who enter/attempt to enter or leave the scene as well as other activity around the scene which the scene guard perceives to be relevant

21
Q

What is the purpose of a crime scene log

A

To ensure that there is

  1. no UNAUTHORISED entry
  2. INTEGRITY of evidence/potential evidence is secured
  3. INTELLIGENCE opportunities are maximised
  4. CONTAMINATION issues are managed
22
Q

Duties of a scene guard

BIRDS CRAP BR

A
  1. SECURE scene
  2. RECORD details
  3. CONTROL movements
  4. RECORD movements
  5. BRIEF others
  6. AVIOD disturbance
  7. PROTECT scene
  8. BRIEF replacement
  9. RESPECT security
  10. DEMONSTRATE courtesy
  11. INFORM others
23
Q

What points should be established on initial questioning of witnesses at the scene

A
  • What happened
  • Where exactly it happened
  • When it happened
  • Who was involved
  • What the witness did
  • Where the witness went
  • What the witness touched
  • Who touched the witness
  • Who else was present
  • Descriptions of those present
  • What did those other people present say/do
24
Q

What should be considered to preserve and recover evidence from forensically important witnesses

BCD FSS

A
  • Immediate DNA swabs of any area where the suspect may have touched the witness
  • Immediate DNA swabs of any blood on witness
  • Immediate swabs of other relevant stains on witness
  • Forensic medical (fingernail scraping, hair combing)
  • Seize clothing/footwear
  • Seize any items of property touched by suspect

Consider

  • Avoid cross contamination
  • Photographing witnesses at the scene
  • Photograph injuries suffered by witness
25
Q

Steps to take to obtain key material from witnesses

DR PLAC IT

A
  1. Obtain full details of all persons present at the scene
  2. Assemble in clear area with police officer
  3. Isolate witnesses from one another
  4. Identify witnesses, conduct scoping interview TEDS
  5. Establish whether persons have left area
  6. Establish phone numbers calls made from scene
  7. Record registration numbers of nearby vehicles
  8. CCTV seize
26
Q

Steps to take if suspects have been identified at the scene

CRABS C CARDS

A
  1. SEPERATE from other persons at scene
  2. CONDITION of suspect (injuries, alcohol, drugs, 1M)
  3. Ask to REMAIN at scene and co-operate. Remove asap by consent or lawful justification
  4. Consider ARREST if refuels to co-operate
  5. Prevent CROSS CONTAMINATION
  6. CAUTION (Bill of rights)
  7. SEARCH suspect/vehicle/belongings
  8. SEARCH vicinity of suspect and area/route taken
  9. Note APPEARANCE and BEHAVIOUR
  10. RECORD everything suspect says
  11. DVD interview
  12. BRIEF OC investigation
27
Q

What to brief the OC investigation on

A
  • What has OCCURRED
  • What ACTION has been taken
  • What has NOT been done
  • What NEEDS to be done
28
Q

Checklist for initial action

A 
Before attending
• Obtain all available information
• Consider requesting the complainant to assist/observe if safe
• Appreciation
• Plan
• Assess own safety then preserve life
• Identify/arrest suspect
• Contain and control witnesses
• Preserve scene

En route
• look out for suspect
• consider stopping vehicles leaving scene
• prioritise tasks and assign duties VOWES

On arrival
• Log arrival with Comms
• Appreciation and risk assessment 
• Ensure safety of yourself/colleagues/victim
• SITREP
• Common approach path
• Record relevant info
• Control people at the scene to gain control of the scene
• Victim (injured, dead)
• Scene 
• Witnesses
• Suspects
• Manage media

Before leaving
• SITREP
• Update OC investigation
• Notebooks/documentation and copy of footwear of initial attending staff

Serious Crime Investigations (9 decks)

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