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CIK100 > Initial Action > Flashcards

Initial Action Flashcards

1
Q

The first Police arriving at the scene of a serious crime are responsible for?

A

All police action until they are relieved by a supervisor, CIB staff or the O/C Investigation.

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2
Q

The primary functions of initial police responders include?

A

Attending the scene at an early stage, taking control of the situation and co-ordinating tasks

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3
Q

What are the health and safety duties of all Police employees?

A

Maximise safety and Minimise Risk- a key enabler of this is TENR.

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4
Q

The expectation of the Commissioner and health and safety at work act 2015 is?

A

That people in the workplace will take reasonable care to ensure that their acts or omissions do not adversely affect the health and safety of other people.

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5
Q

Some incidents notified to the police are not initially identifiable as a homicide. Such instances may include?

A
  • Report of a missing person
  • sudden unexplained death of an infant
  • unexplained death
  • report of an abduction
  • crime scene without a body present
  • hit and run, vehicular collision
  • suicide
  • fatal fire
  • drug related deaths
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6
Q

What investigation model should first responding Police apply when attending a serious crime scene?

A

VAWSEIPO
Victim-identify and locate the victim/s
Appreciation- make an initial appreciation of the incident
Witnesses- locate and contain witnesses
Scene- Preserve the scene-FREEZE CONTROL GUARD PRESERVE
Exhibits- Note and preserve evidence
Ingredients- whether ingredients of offence established
Powers- What powers are available and whether to execute them
Offenders- Identify and apprehend suspect/s

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7
Q

Identify the basic principles underpinning all serious crime investigations

A
  1. Appreciation Process
  2. Preserve Life- Preserve Scene
  3. Identify & apprehend suspects- secure evidence- identify victim/s
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8
Q

Where practicable, what Word document should be implemented by police responding to crucial initial stages of an investigation?

A

Initial Action checklist

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9
Q

What is the definition of an appreciation?

A

A proven method of problem solving. The process follows a series of set steps to ensure an optimum course of action is decided on. An appreciation is ongoing.

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10
Q

What are the key benefits of applying the appreciation technique?

A
  • Increases the chances of success
  • Establishes a sequence of activities to be carried out
  • Manages Risk
  • Reduces uncertainty
  • Eliminates duplication
  • Ensures nothing is overlooked
  • uses resources effectively
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11
Q

To conduct an appreciation what steps should be followed?

A
  1. Aim- a short one line statement
  2. Factor- any circumstance or fact that could possibly affect how you will achieve desired outcome
  3. Courses Open- list of possible ways the aim could be achieved (after deductions made from factors)
  4. Plan- a proposed course of action
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12
Q

No matter the circumstances of a death, Polices purpose is always to?

A

Investigate throughly and gather sufficient evidence to explain the circumstances of the death.

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13
Q

The person reporting an incident is a critical witness in an investigation. Every effort should be made to obtain?

A
  • Identity and location of the suspect
  • a first hand account of what the complainant knows
  • precise details of the location of the scene
  • circumstances leading to the discovery
  • identity of the victim
  • details of anyone else at the scene
  • their full contact details
  • their demeanour
  • their relationship to the victim and or the suspect
  • details of the action the complainant took and where they have been?
  • Details of any hazards or safety issues
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14
Q

If there is a delay between initial report and Police attending a scene, evidence may be lost or contaminated. To reduce the risk, the complainant/ informant may be asked to?

A
  • return to the proximity of the scene and guard if safe to do so
  • not to enter the obvious boundaries of the scene
  • not to touch or move anything
  • prevent others from entering or touching the scene
  • await Police arrival and identify themselves to Police
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15
Q

Once at the scene it is imperative Police responders ensure?

A

Their own safety, the safety of other responders and that of others present at the scene

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16
Q

Before initial action can be safely undertaken what must be conducted?

A

An appreciation on known information

  • to dictate how, why and in what form initial action should be taken
  • Subject to the appreciation a reconnaissance should be conducted to establish who is present at the scene (injured people, hidden offender)
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17
Q

What is the first priority when attending as first responders?

A

Ensure the safety of the attending police member/s

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18
Q

Having ensured the safety of those present, the next priority is?

A

To establish the physical location of the victim and their medical status

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19
Q

The medical status of a victim falls into 3 categories, what are these?

A
  • Alive and uninjured
  • Alive but injured
  • shows no sign of life
20
Q

If victim is alive and uninjured you should?

A

Proceed to preserving the scene

21
Q

If the victim is alive but injured you should?

A
  • Call an ambulance and consider CPR if appropriate
  • Record body position and any movements
  • details of any attending medical staff
  • If practicable a detective should accompany a victim to hospital otherwise without delay
22
Q

On arrival at the hospital, what steps should the detective follow?

A
  1. Obtain medical opinion about the victim’s current medical condition
  2. Seize the victims clothing and other possessions
  3. Establish victims id
  4. Obtain a pre-transfusion blood sample (Police Toxicology Kit)
  5. Seize any discarded bandages, and not position where bandages were
  6. Arrange firearms residue samples (cases suspected to be firearms incident)
  7. Note and photograph any injuries
  8. Arrange DNA swabs to be taken from victims skin
  9. Obtain details or any or all people who visit or contact the victim
  10. Conduct a scoping interview using TEDS questions
  11. Conduct a preliminary interview with ambulance and emergency staff who treated the victim
23
Q

If it is anticipated the victim may die, consider recording an immediate statement. If the victim dies, is this statement admissible in proceedings?

A

Yes. As hearsay evidence, under section 18(1) of the Evidence Act 2006.

24
Q

If a victim dies and their statement is to be considered admissible evidence what must the court satisfy?

A

That both the content of the statement and the person who made it are reliable. Police taking the statement must therefore record any factors demonstrating the reliability.

25
Q

The circumstances to consider under section 16(1) of the evidence act 2006, include?

A
  • the nature of the statement
  • the contents of the statement
  • the circumstances relating to the making of the statement
  • circumstances relating to veracity of the person and the accuracy of the observation of the person
26
Q

If the victim shows no sign of life it is Police responsibility to?

A
  • Preserve life, we must never assume a person is dead unless no other conclusion is possible.
  • The victim should not be moved any more than necessary
  • the original position should be recorded
27
Q

What steps should be followed when you discover a body?

A
  1. Consider calling an ambulance & CPR
  2. Remain with the body until CIB or supervisor relieves you
  3. Arrange a doctor to pronounce life extinct
  4. Treat the victim as a scene
  5. Instruct medical staff to leave clothing on
  6. If medical treatment required, request things such as bandages, tubes etc. are left in situ
  7. Conduct scoping interviews with medical staff
  8. Ascertain if the victim spoke to anyone before death (what was said)
  9. Record body position and obvious injuries and clothing
  10. Objectively record everything, sight, sound, smell
  11. Record all exhibits
  12. Sketch a plan including body position and position of exhibits
28
Q

Police arriving first at a scene should follow what steps to preserve the scene?

A
  1. Identify- Gather information, Establish crime scene, Consider Common Approach Path
  2. Secure- s&s 2012, Remove all people, prevent further loss or damage of evidence, prevent unauthorised person exiting or entering scene
  3. Preserve- Consider best path into the scene, record any movement or actions in scene
  4. Consider- Initial photographs of scene and people present
  5. Record- Notes, sketches, photograph/ video recording
29
Q

What s&s power do Police have to secure a scene?

A

S116

30
Q

A scene log is used to ensure?

A
  • there is no unauthorised entry into a scene
  • integrity of evidence or potential evidence is secured
  • intelligence opportunities are maximised
  • contamination issues are managed
31
Q

What are the duties of a scene guard?

A
  • Secure scene
  • Record Details
  • control movement
  • Record movement
  • Brief others
  • avoid disturbances
  • Protect Scene
  • Brief replacement
  • Respect Security
  • Demonstrate Courtesy
32
Q

Initial questioning of a witness should be directed towards?

A

Obtaining a brief account of what the person witnessed.

33
Q

As a minimum what points should be established when initially questioning a witness?

A

using TEDS questions

  • what happened
  • where exactly the incident happened
  • When it happened
  • Who was involved
  • What the witness did
  • Where the witness went, what they touched and who touched the witness
  • Who else was present?, description of those present
  • What did those other people present, say or do?
34
Q

What else should Police consider obtaining from a witness at a scene?

A

Forensic evidence

  • Evidence may have been transferred to the witness from the victim, suspect or scene itself
  • Recover all available evidence from the witness
35
Q

The plan to preserve and recover evidence from a forensically important witness should consider what issues?

A
  • immediate DNA swabs on areas suspect may have touched
  • immediate DNA swabs of any blood present on witness
  • Forensic medical examination, fingernail scrapings, hair combing etc.
  • seizing clothing and foot wear
  • seizing any items of property touched by suspect
36
Q

Where possible with witnesses consider these points?

A
  • avoid cross contamination (use different vehicles and rooms)
  • photograph witnesses at the scene
  • photograph any injuries suffered by witnesses
37
Q

What steps should be followed to ensure key material is obtained from witnesses?

A
  1. Obtain full details
  2. Assemble in clear area
  3. isolate witnesses from one another
  4. Conduct brief scope questioning- using TEDS
  5. Establish whether any people have left already?
  6. If witness made call from scene, establish numbers-this may establish timings
  7. Record regos of nearby vehicles
  8. seize any CCTV
38
Q

In relation to suspects of homicide or serious crime, what is the priority?

A

The identification, Apprehension and Isolation of the suspect

39
Q

What are the procedures for suspects that have been identified at the scene?

A
  1. Seperate the suspect from other people at the scene
  2. Consider the condition of the suspect
  3. Ask them to remain at the scene and to co-operate with Police
  4. If the suspect refuses to co-operate, consider grounds to arrest them
  5. To prevent cross contamination issues, consider using officers who have not attended scene to manage the suspect
  6. If the suspect is arrested or detained- caution
  7. Consider searching suspect, suspects vehicle and belongings
  8. Consider searching the vicinity of the suspect or route they have taken
  9. Note suspects appearance and behaviour
  10. Record everything the suspect says
  11. Interviews should be recorded on DVD
40
Q

Before leaving the scene you should?

A

Co-ordinate with others- provide sit reps to comms and CIB members attending the scene

41
Q

When crime scenes involve Maori as a victim, witness or offender, all Police must;

A

Be prepared to carry out their scene duties in a manner that demonstrates respect for the beliefs and values that stem from Maori culture

42
Q

At the crime scene, members of the family may want to stay within or be involved at the crime scene, can this be permitted?

A

Yes. Only after consultation with with the O/C investigation

43
Q

Maori believe blood is sacred. Before cleaning and releasing the scene what should be considered?

A
  • Advising the family that the scene examination has been completed and whether or not blood remains at the scene?
  • allow family to have input into the cleaning of blood from a scene
  • If family wishes to clean scene, provide the necessary equipment
44
Q

Other things to consider when dealing with maori victims, witness, offenders?

A

Deceased victim prayer, early release of the body, Consultation with family/whanau ( Iwi liaison officer)

45
Q

Where can ‘A practical reference to religious diversity’ be found?

A

On the Police intranet. It helps build knowledge if the beliefs and behaviours of different ethnic and religious groups.

CIK100 (7 decks)

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