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Med Micro test 4 > Initial > Flashcards

Initial Flashcards

1
Q

E Coli Capsule

A

K Antigen

Causes: Neonatal Meningitidis
-Attaches to epithelium via Pili (from plasmid)

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2
Q

E Coli Gastroenteritis/Enterohemorrhagic

A

Shiga toxin! – Phage conversion

  • hemorrhagic colitis
  • **HUS- Hemolytic Uremic syndrome
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3
Q

HUS- Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

A

hemolytic anemia, acute kidney failure (uremia), and a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia)

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4
Q

E Coli ENTEROTOXINS

A

PLASMA

Travelers Diarrhea
infant diarrhea

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5
Q

Klebsiella pneumonia

A 
Polysaccharide SLIME (K)
-enterotoxin, pneumonia, diarrhea
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6
Q

Enterobacter aerogenes

A

Sepsis, UTI

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7
Q

Serrate marcenscens

A

RED PIGMENTED COLONY

Pneumonia, bacteremia, endocarditis, nosocomial infections

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8
Q

Proteus mirabilis

A

Enteritis, UTI, Bacteremia

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9
Q

Colicins

A

**Bateriocidin - Antibiotic like, kills other bacteria

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10
Q

Salmonella # of types

A

2500

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11
Q

Salmonella Diseases

A 
Typhoid/paratyphoid fever
-Enteric Fever
Asymptomatic colonization of GALL Bladder
Enteritis
Bacteremia
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12
Q

Salmonella Capsule and spread within host

A

Capsule: Vi antigen

Spread via: intracellular within macrophages

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13
Q

Salmonella Transmission

A

Eggs/dairy

Fecal-oral

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14
Q

Salmonella Vaccine?

A

Killed cell

Polysaccharide (typhoid)

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15
Q

Shigella 2 primary strains

A

Severe- Dysenteriae

Common- Sonnei –>Gastroenteritis shigellosis

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16
Q

Shigellosis/Gastroenteritis

A

Watery AND BLOODY diarrhea, abdominal cramps

  • Tenesmus
  • most dangerous* = Hemolytic colitis
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17
Q

Tenesmus

A

Constantly having to poo.

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18
Q

Shigella transmission

A

Fecal-oral

Crowded areas

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19
Q

Pathogenicity of Shigella

A

High, very few organisms needed for infection (less than 200 CFU)

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20
Q

Yersinia Pestis 3 diseases

A

Bubonic plague – Sylvatic fleas OR Urban rat/flea

Black death – Buboes

Plague pneumonia – Human spread

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21
Q

Yersinia Pestis Virulence

A

Type III Secretion system (inject toxins into host cells)
-Attacks phagocytes and prevents phagocytic killing

Absorbs organic iron

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22
Q

Yersinia Pestis Capsule

A

Protein-Polysaccharide

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23
Q

Yersinia Pestis Protection/vaccine

A

Natural infection - LIFE LONG IMMUNITY

Vaccine - Live or Killed

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24
Q

Yersinia Enterocolitica

A

ENTERIC infection

Bacteremia

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25
Vibrio Cholerae Pandemic strands
01 and 0139
26
Vibrio cholera Virulent factors
Cholera toxin - Watery Diarrhea increases! cAMP (adenylate cyclase) --ALSO an A-B toxin like diphtheria
27
V. Cholera transmission
fecal-oral
28
V. Cholera Vaccine?
Only for type 01 1-Dead cells --w/Toxin B subunit 2-Live genetically engineered (subunit combination vaccine) 3-Oral -- Short lived for travelers (same as type 1-dead cells)
29
H. Pylori Virulence | ALSO Campylobacter
Breaks down urea and mucous BOTH Campylobacter and H.Pylori cause gastroenteritis (most common causes)
30
H. Pylori Immune response
Inflammation and associated cells accumulate and are ineffective against the pathogen.
31
H. Pylori diseases and progression
Gastritis --> B12 deficiency Peptic ulcers --> Gastric ADENOcarcinoma
32
Legionella Pneumophila Diseases
Pontiac Fever -- Mild | Legionnaires' Disease -- Severe pneumonia, Immunocompromised Paitents
33
Legionella Pneu. Types, spread and AEROBICITY
Serotype 01 ----IS ALSO Aerobic - NOT contagious - Air-conditioning, WATER, etc
34
Streptobacillus moniliformis Gram stain
GRAM NEG. (-)
35
Streptobacillus Moniliformis aerobicity
It is aerobic
36
Streptobacillus Moniliformis Diseases
``` Rat-Bite Fever Haverhill fever (MILK) ```
37
Haemophilus Influenza Type
ENCAPSULATED type B is virulent
38
Haemophilus Influenza Vaccine?
Conjugated Capsule of POLYRIBITOL Phosphate | -polyribitol phosphate is a component of some teichoic acids! (fun fact...)
39
Unique feature of Haemophilus Influenza
It grows in satellite communities around staph Aureus due to its release of Factor V and S. Aureus lyses RBC to release Factor X
40
Pseudomonas Aeruginosis Aerobicity
Aerobic (like Streptobacillus Moniliformis)
41
Pseudomonas Aeruginosis Diseases (6)
``` Pulmonary (LUNG) - concerns for CYSTIC FIBROSIS! Skin (Burns) UTI Eye Ear-Swimmer's SECONDARY Bacteremia ```
42
Pseudomonas Aeruginosis Virulence (structural-4)
Capsule (mucoid exo...) Pili LPS Pyocyanin-inhibit cilia, IL-8, causes toxic ROS
43
Pseudomonas Aeruginosis Virulence (enzymes-3)
Exotoxin A-Classic inhibition of protein synth - damage AND causes immunosuppression Proverdin-Iron Siderophore and Exotoxin A activator Antibiotic resistance-Antibiotic resistance
44
Pseudomonas Aeruginosis transmission
Antibiotic treatments and Nosocomial.
45
Pseudomonas Aeruginosis Treatment
Requires (usually multiple) SPECIFIC antibiotics, not broad spectrum, as they are resistant and may have been the cause of infection in the 1st place.
46
Francisella =
Tularemia FROM RODENTS
47
Francisella Tularensis (3 types and differentiation)
Ulceroglandular Tulari-Pus(s)tule and Lymphadenopathy Oculoglandular Tulari-Lymphadenopathy Pneumonic Tulari-Pneumonia and Sepsis, DEADLY!
48
Brucella normal residents and aerobicity
Animals Aerobic
49
Brucella and Francisella used as
bioterrorism
50
Brucella diseases
Brucellosis-UNDULANT FEVER! intermittent Respiratory, GI, and BONE.
51
Brucella within host
Facultative intracellular parasite
52
Brucella vaccine?
Only for animals!
53
Brucella types and their preferred hosts
Goats-Melitensis (LITE) Swine-Suis Cattle-Abortus (ABORT) Dogs-Canis (CANines)
54
Haemophilus Influenza Con't | -who is at greatest risk of infection
Those with low complement, after a splenectomy And CHILDREN-Meningitis
55
Haemophilus Influenza Con't | -Virulence Structural(3) and enzyme
Capsule - Polyribitol Phosphate (PRP-used in vaccine) LPS - Meningitis Pili - adherence IgA1(ase) - allow for attachment/colonization on mucosal surface
56
Other Haemophilus Influenza Vaccines (2)
Purified PRP with diphtheria toxOID Pure PRP with N. Meningitidis outer membrane protein
57
Haemophilus ducreyi
Sexually transmitted - Males (SOFT chancre) - Females asymptomatic
58
Treponema types
Pallidum-Syphilis Yaws- Pinta- Bejel- --These 3 are nonvenereal and xs react with Syphilis Ag.
59
Treponema Pallidum | -Gram Stain
Too thin to gram stain *Requires dark field microscopy
60
Treponema Pallidum | -Virulence Structural(2) and enzyme
Outer membrane proteins (adherence) Fibronectin - Prevents phagocytosis Hyaluranidase - Perivascular infiltration!
61
Treponema Pallidum | -Transmission (2)
Sex Congenital
62
Treponema Pallidum | -Detection
Detect with Darkfield or Fluorescent microscope -STAGE 1 and 2 Detect with Serology - In Later stages
63
Treponema Pallidum | -Vaccine?
NO Vaccine
64
Treponema Pallidum | -Treatment
PENICILLIN is the BOMB.
65
Borrelia | -2 types
Recurrentis - Relapsing fever Burgdorferi - Lyme disease
66
Borrelia Recurrentis | -Transmission
Lice and ticks
67
``` Borrelia Recurrentis (relapsing fever) -Symptomatic cycle ```
3-4 Days (incubation) THEN-Febrile (high spirochetes in blood) THEN- Afebrile (low spirochetes in blood) They move to liver and spleen OR BRAIN! Lasts 4-14 days. Relapses into a less severe Febrile for up to 10cycles.
68
Borrelia Burgdorferi | -Transmission
Lyme disease transmitted by ticks | -At bite site there is a lesion called
69
Borrelia Burgdorferi | -At bite site there is a lesion called_______ ________
Erythema Migrans (I assume this is the "target lesion"
70
Borrelia Burgdorferi | -Time until symptoms
1 week - 2 years
71
Borrelia Burgdorferi | -Symptoms
Meningitis Peripheral neuropathy Encephalitis Cardiac dysfunction Joint pain and inflammation
72
Borrelia Burgdorferi | -Vaccine?
YES, it is a recombinant outer surface protein. | -ospA
73
Leptospira | -aerobicity
Aerobic
74
Leptospira | -Transmission
Accidental (from animals)
75
Leptospira | -Normal symptoms
Viral-like flu (mild)
76
Leptospira | -Infection
Invade and replicate in tissues (inflammatory response)
77
Leptospira | -If systemically involved, what are the diseases (2)
Meningitis OR Weil's disease
78
Weil's disease symptoms
(Leptospira) vascular collapse, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, liver failure, and renal failure. -Freaking terrible disease

Med Micro test 4 (4 decks)

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