Inhibitors of Nucleic acid function

Question 1

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 1

• Second gen, block Topo 2 (gyrate) and 4 are main targets
• bacillus anthraces
• Use: drug of choice for prophylaxis or treatment of Antrhax and chronic bone infection due to enterobac
• Best quinolone for Pseudo treatment
• Uncomplicated UTIs
• Traveller’s Diarrhea (E. Coli)

Question 2

Levofloxacin

Answer 2

• Topo 2 (gyrate) and 4 are main targets- 3rd gen
• same gram neg. coverage plus added gram pos coverage
• alternative for anthrax, gonorrhea, s. pneumonia or HFLU infections

Question 3

Moxifloxacin

Answer 3

• Topo 2 (gyrate) and 4 are main targets- Best respiratory quinolone
• excellent anaerobic activity
• Poop Pseudo activity
• Prolonged QT interval

Question 4

Oxifloxacin

Answer 4

• Only CNS penitent quinolone

Question 5

Fluoroquinolones

Answer 5

• Gram neg bugs, neisseria, pseudo, osteomyelitis
• Do not take with antacids, children and pregnant women
• once daily dosing
• contraindicated in patients with epilepsy, theophylline inhalers, tendinitis, myasthenia gravis patients

Question 6

Metronidazole

Answer 6

• Mech: inhibits DNA replication via free radicals
• Use: drug of choice for C. difficile infection, drug of choice for tetanus
• Disulfuram interaction
• Spec: guardia, entamoeba, trichomonad, gardenella, anaerobes, h.pylori
• “GET GAP on the Metro”

Question 7

Rifampin

Answer 7

• Mech: inhibits DNA-dependent bacterial RNA polymerase
• Use: TB, leprosy, and legionella
• 4R’s: RNA pol inhibitor, revs up cyp450, red/orange body fluids, repaid resistance if used alone.
• Increase metabolism of oral contraceptives

Question 8

Nitrofurantoin

Answer 8

• Mech: highly-reactive intermediates
  Use: UTI
• toxicity: hepatoxicity, pulmonary fibrosis: drug-induced lupus, last 4 weeks of pregnancy