Gastroenteritis Flashcards
What is a normal anaerobic enteric microflora of the gut?
Bacteroides Fragilis
What is a normal facultative enteric microflora of the gut?
E. coli
What is a neurotoxin?
- ingested as preformed toxin
- effect the central autonomic nervous system rather than intestine
Bugs:
- s. aureus
- B. cereus
- c. botulinum
What is a enterotoxin?
- have direct effect on the intestinal mucosa to cause fluid secretion. alters metabolic activity.
- results in outpouring of electrolytes and fluid; primarily in jejunum and upper ileum
Bugs:
- v. cholera
- c. perfringens
- shigella
What is a cytotoxin?
- causes mucosal destruction
- leads to inflammatory colitis; dysentery
Bugs:
- s. dysenteriae
- c. perfringens
- vibrio
- c. difficile
- campy
- e. coli
Attachment
Bugs:
- e. coli
- giardia
- cryptosporidium
- isospora
They destroy the ability of cells to participate in normal secretion and absorption
Invasiveness
Bugs:
-Shigella, e. coli, salmonella, vibrio
The capacity of organism such as shigella and certain invasive strains of e. coli to invade and destroy epithelial cells, primarily in the colon, is responsible for their inflammation or dysenteric diarrhea they cause
What bugs are the leading causes of food borne disease in the US
Campy and salmonella spp.
-normally found in chicken
Staph aureus
meats, milk products, food handlers, fatty foods
C. perfringenes
meats and soil
salmonella
poultry eggs meats milk prodcue
Shigella
Produce
direct fecal/oral
Campy
Water
raw milk
poultry
pets
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Raw or undercooked seafood
-most common of non cholera vibrios
B. cereus
rice
meat
veggies
can’t kill the toxin via heating
Aeromonas hydrophilia
Water
water sports
fresh water version of vibrio
Vibrio Cholera
Water
contaminated food
survives in a copepod
SLT E. coli
beef
raw milk
produce
under cooked meat
L. monocytogenes
soft cheese unpasturized milk deli meats gram positive neonatal meningitis
Incubation Periods
- minutes
- hysteria reaction - min-hr
- b. cereus
- s. aureus
- chemicals, heavy metals, shellfish toxins - several hr
- botulism
- c. perfringenes - Day or so
- salmonella
- shigella
- vibrio para
- campy
- yersenia
- viruses - Days to weeks
- c. difficile
- giardia
- ameoba
Treatment
-Number 1 is always fluid replacement
Antibiotics:
-used for shigella, cholera, c. jejuni, salmonella, typhoid fever
-avoid: umcomplicated cases salmonella, no value for staph, b. cereus, c. perfringens, v. paraheam, enterocolitica, and invasive E. coli
