Inhibitors Flashcards

0
Q

Scale formation over the entire surface. Most common types: Silicates Phosphates

A

Precipitation inducing Inhibitors

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1
Q

AKA Gunkers

A

Ohmic inhibitors

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3
Q

AKA volatile corrosion Inhibitors Inhibitors is vaporized into a gaseous form Inhibits corrosion by making the environment alkaline

A

Vapor Phase Inhibitors

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4
Q

Can reduce the effectiveness of inhibitors

A

Bicarbonates Metal cations

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5
Q

The corrosion Investigator’s first job on-site is to:

A

Protect all evidence

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6
Q

the Corrosion Investigator’s second job on-site is to:

A

Collect all evidence

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7
Q

The presence of water can be confirmed in a sample by using ….

A

Hydrion paper

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8
Q

Which gas analysis test cannot be collected with a stain tube?

A

Pressure

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9
Q

A procedure that penetrates and preserves the scale, corrosion product, microbes and deposits that are present on an internally corroded pipe is:

A

Embedment

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10
Q

The temperature of liquid samples is measured in the field using:

A

Common laboratory thermometer and with an electronic temperature probe.

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11
Q

The pH of aqueous samples is measured using:

A

pH Meter and pH Test Paper

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12
Q

These samples must be taken where there are differences in color, texture, density or composition of materials in the pipe

A

Solid/Sludge sampling

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13
Q

These samples are normally collected in stainless steel sample bottles or Tedlar bags. Stain tubes can sometimes be used to replace some samplings.

A

Gas Sampling

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14
Q

Collect at least 500ml in two 250 ml sample containers at the site of the cut if possible. Samples should be filled to the top to exclude air and capped.

A

Liquid Sampling

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15
Q

This sample should be cut using a portable band saw or wheel-type cutter to prevent torch cutting debris from entering the sample.

A

Pipe Sampling

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16
Q

Common technique used to identify crystalline phases in unknown materials. These crystalline phases are described as compounds rather than elements which is beneficial in understanding corrosion.

A

XRD - X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)

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17
Q

This method provides elemental compositional analysis of very thin (3nm) surface layers.

A

AES - Auger Electron Spectroscopy

18
Q

These two methods are used with microscopes to examine small areas or features. Both methods usually allow mapping of the surface and are used for bulk sample analysis.

A

FTIR and Raman Spectoscopy

19
Q

A long established technique used to identify nearly 70 diff elements in liquid and solid samples down to parts per billion.

A

Atomic Absorption

20
Q

This method is used to look for corrosion inhibitors, biocides, methanol, glycol and organic materials but the investigator must have some idea of the organic material for which they are searching.

A

Gas or Liquid Chromatography

21
Q

These 2 methods can quantitatively identify over 70 elements in liquids, solids and particulates. They provide shorter analysis times than AAS.

A

DCP/ICP - Direct Current Plasma & Inductively Coupled Plasma

22
Q

This procedure uses liquid chemistry data to calculate values which are simply indications as to the propensity for

A

Scaling Index

23
Q

This term describes laboratory analysis techniques such as gravimetry, titrimetry and numerous separation methods. It is time consuming and methods vary widely

A

Wet Chemistry

24
Q

This is a popular method for determining the concentrations of ionic species in aqueous samples. Typical results would identify sulfate, sulfite, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, chloride, bromide and floride

A

Ion Chromatography

25
Q

Pair of tests are some of the most popular techniques used for examining and analyzing elemental surface components of corrosion-related samples.

A

SEM/EDS - Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy

26
Q

This technique is used more frequently in the study of microorganisms than of corrosion.

A

TEM - Transmission Electron Microscopy

27
Q

This method is like Auger as another method that analyzes atomic surface layers for elemental composition. It is more sensitive and has better spatial resolution than EDS

A

SIMS - Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy

28
Q

What is the final and most important part of instituting a corrosion mitigation program?

A

Monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment

29
Q

Step # 1

A

Physically arrange the investigation results in logical progression

30
Q

Step # 2

A

Ask the 20 Questions

31
Q

Step # 3

A

Look for the connections between the different types of data.

32
Q

Step # 4

A

Develop a factual story of what happened to cause the failure using the results, observation and relationships.

33
Q

Step # 5

A

Put the finding in writing.

34
Q

Three methods for mitigating internal corrosion once the cause has been identified?

A

Remove the environment that provided corrosion. Change internal environment by altering operations or maintenance procedures, Chemical treatment with inhibitors.

35
Q

Who should develop an investigative plan for an internal pipeline corrosion failure?

A

A Team

36
Q

Which visual appearance may indicate the effects of historical liquid levels in the pipeline?

A

Corrosion in the longitudinal bands along both sides of the pipe

37
Q

Which internal pipeline condition most indicates H2S presence?

A

Rotten egg smell

38
Q

When collecting physical evidence of internal corrosion, cleaned pipe should be used primarily for ?

A

Dimensional Analysis

39
Q

Which type of physical evidence is intended to capture the deposits and biofilm and their relation to the corrosion?

A

Embedments

40
Q

Concentration cell corrosion within small areas isolated from the bulk fluid stream?

A

Crevice Corrosion at Joints

41
Q

General etching over large continuous area that still contain isolated pitting or clusters of pits?

A

Isolated pitting with General Corrosion

42
Q

Combined action of corrosion and metal loss due to rapidly moving fluids and/or solid particles?

A

Erosion Corrosion