Inherited Traits

Question 1

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Answer 1

Sex-linked, recessive. 
Symptoms include:
 - Muscle loss & weakness
- Muscle pain & stiffness 
- Growth impediments
- Fatigue
- Learning disabilities

Question 2

Tay-Sachs Disease

Answer 2

Autosomal, recessive. Caused by build-up of lipids in the nervous system (lack of the enzyme to break down these particular lipids)
Symptoms include:
- Loss of motor skills
- Loss of vision and hearing 
- Seizures
- Muscle weakness

Question 3

Phenylketonuria

Answer 3

Autosomal, recessive. Caused by build-up of phenylalanine (lack of the enzyme to break down these particular polypeptides; phenylalanine breaks down into tyrosine)

• A musty odour in the breath, skin, or urine,
• Neurological problems that may include seizures
• Abnormally small head (microcephaly)
• Hyperactivity
• Intellectual disability
• Behavioural, emotional, and social problems

Question 4

ABO Blood Groups

Answer 4

Autosomal, codominant (A & B), recessive (O).
Type A can only receive from A,O
Type B can only receive from B, O
Type AB can only receive from AB, A, B, O
Type O can only receive from O
If blood transfusions occur between the incorrect groups, the body will produce antibodies to attack the red blood cells, causing the blood to clot in vessels, producing fatal blockages.

Question 5

MN Blood Groups

Answer 5

Autosomal, codominant. Have relatively little impact on transfusion reactions.

Question 6

Roman (Aquiline) Nose

Answer 6

Autosomal, dominant. A prominent nose bridge is present.