Inheritance, Variation and Evolution Flashcards
what determines your inherited characteristics?
your DNA
what codes for protein ?
a gene code which make a particular amino acid
what is a genome ?
your entire set of genetic material
how can a genome help scientists?
it can help scientists identify and understand inherited diseases
what makes up DNA ?
nucleotides (repeating polymers )
what makes up a nucleotide ?
a phosphate
a sugar
a base
where is protein made ?
in the cytoplasm on the ribosome
what is an enzyme ?
a biological catalyst
what is a mutation ?
a random change in an organisms DNA that can sometimes be inherited that changes the sequence of the bases
what are the different types of mutation ?
INSERTIONS
a new base is inserted into the DNA base sequence where it shouldn’t be
DELETIONS
a random base is deleted from the DNA base sequence
SUBSTITUTIONS
when a random base is changed to a different base
what is the different between sexual and asexual reproduction ?
sexual reproduction produces genetically different cells
where as asexual reproduction produces genetically identical cells
how are male and female gametes produced ?
meiosis
what is involved in sexual reproduction ?
fusion of male and female gametes as the offspring contains a mixture of the two parents genes
how are flowering plants reproduced ?
with an egg cell and pollen
how are cell multiplied in asexual reproduction ?
ONE parent
MITOSIS
