Inheritance Flashcards
Genotype
The genetic composition of an organism, which describes all the alleles it contains
Phenotype
An organisms observable characteristics- results from the interaction of genotype and environment
Gene
A length/ section of dna that codes for the production of a particular polypeptide
Locus
Position on a chromosome of a particular gene
Allele
A gene variant, occupies the same locus.
Dominant
Expressed and affects an organisms phenotype even when present with the recessive allele
Recessive
Only expressed when the dominant allele is absent
Codominant
Two alleles that both contribute to the organisms phenotype to an equal extent
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles of a gene
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles of a gene
Haploid
Half the number of chromosomes (one of each of the pairs of chromosomes found in the parent cell)
Gametes in meiosis
Diploid
The full complement of chromosomes for the cell - total number of chromosomes in all of the homologous pairs)
Human cells in mitosis
Homologous chromosomes
A pair of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal, that have the same gene loci