Inheritance Flashcards
Define genotype
genetic combination for an organism
Define phenotype
expression of the genotype and its interaction with the environment
Define alleles
different forms of the same gene
Define gene
short section of DNA that codes for a specific sequence of a.a
Define nucleotide
monomers which make up DNA and RNA - base, pentose sugar, phosphate
Define locus
location of gene on chromosome
Define homozygous
a pair of homologous chromosomes carrying the same 2 alleles for a single gene
Define heterozygous
pair of homologous chromosomes carrying 2 different alleles for a single gene
Define monohybrid
genetic inheritance cross of a characteristic determined by 1 gene
Define dihybrid
inheritance of 2 different characteristic controlled by 2 different genes in a chromosome
Define codominant
both alleles expressed in the phenotype
Define sex linkage
gene whose locus is on x/y chromosome
Define multiple alleles
more than 2 alleles for a characteristic but only 2 can be present in an organism
Define epistasis
presence of an allele/gene that masks the expression of a different pheotype