Inheritance

Question 1

A segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait

Answer 1

Gene

Question 2

A version of a gene

Answer 2

Allele

Question 3

An example of a trait determined by multiple alleles - I^A, I^B and i; example of a trait showing both complete and co-dominance

Answer 3

ABO Blood Grouping

Question 4

A pair of chromosomes containing the same sequence of genes (one from each parent)

Answer 4

Homologous Chromosomes

Question 5

Sex cells (eggs and sperm); products of meiosis

Answer 5

Gametes

Question 6

Containing two different alleles for a trait

Answer 6

Heterozygous

Question 7

Containing two of the same alleles for a trait

Answer 7

Homozygous

Question 8

Allele which is expressed in the phenotype when one or two copies are present

Answer 8

Dominant

Question 9

Allele which is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies are present; able to be masked/hidden

Answer 9

Recessive

Question 10

A change in the base sequence of a gene

Answer 10

Gene Mutation

Question 11

Combination of alleles for a trait

Answer 11

Genotype

Question 12

Expression of the genotype for a trait (ie. what you see)

Answer 12

Phenotype

Question 13

One allele completely dominates the expression of another, in a heterozygous state

Answer 13

Complete Domination

Question 14

Both alleles present in a heterozygous state are expressed

Answer 14

Co-dominance

Question 15

Heterozygous individuals for a genetic disorder; can pass on trait without having the disorder themselves

Answer 15

Carrier

Question 16

Technique for determining the expected outcomes for a breeding pair

Answer 16

Punnett Square

Question 17

Using a family tree to determine the expected outcomes for a breeding pair and the mode of inheritance of a particular trait

Answer 17

Pedigree Chart

Question 18

Proof that trait is sex-linked; more males than females possessing a characteristic

Answer 18

Gender Bias in Pedigrees

Question 19

Proof that trait is recessive; unaffected parents having an affected child

Answer 19

Generation Skipping in Pedigrees

Question 20

Proof that the trait is autosomal; father gives son his Y chromosome (no proper genes) so gene must be on an autosome

Answer 20

Affected Sons from Affected Fathers

Question 21

Genes located on one of the two sex chromosomes

Answer 21

Sex Linked Genes

Question 22

X-linked recessive disorder caused by the absence of a clotting factor in the blood

Answer 22

Haemophilia

Question 23

X-linked recessive disorder causing the inability to differentiate between red/green or blue/yellow.

Answer 23

Colour-blindness