Inhalant Anesthetics

Question 1

Choosing an inhalant relies on what?

Answer 1

Available equipment
Desired speed of induction and recovery
Cost

Question 2

What is temperature compensation?

Answer 2

A feature of vaporizers to control temperature

As inhalant is vaporized, vaporizer cools and causes a decrease in vapor pressure, which leaves fewer molecules of inhalant available for delivery to patient

Question 3

What would happen if you put iso in sevo machine (and vice versa)?

Answer 3

Volatility of iso&raquo_space; sevo

Iso in sevo machine = anesthetic overdose
Sevo in iso machine = patient will not be anesthetized adequately

Question 4

Is is harder to anesthetize a patient in what conditions?

Answer 4

High altitudes (decreased pressure)

Cold temperatures

Question 5

What is the “time constant”?

Answer 5

The time is takes to make a 50% change in a closed system

Volume / flow

Question 6

What are the MAC values for iso, sevo, and desflurane?

Answer 6

Iso: 1.28-1.63%
Sevo: 2.1 - 2.58%
Des: 7.2-10.38%

Question 7

Anesthetic maintenance is usually how many times MAC?

Answer 7

1.2-1.5 x MAC

Question 8

What factors that increase MAC?

Answer 8

Hyperthermia
Hypernatremia
Drugs that cause CNS stimulation
Increases in excitatory NT

Question 9

What factors decrease MAC?

Answer 9

Other anesthetics
Hyponatremia
Hypotension
PaO2 <40, PaCO2 >90
Pregnancy
Age

Question 10

What factors do not affect MAC?

Answer 10

Gender
Duration of anesthesia
Metabolic alkalosis/acidosis
Mild-moderate anemia

Question 11

Malignant hyperthermia is a result of what?

Answer 11

Mutation of ryanodine receptor