Infrahyoid Neck Flashcards
The what muscle divides the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck?
Sterniocleidomastoid muscle
The infrahyoid anterior triangle is subdivided by what muscle into muscular and carotid triangles?
Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?
Superior = Superior belly of omohyoid muscle
Inferolateral = Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Midline = No medial boundary; these paramedian triangles meet in midline
What are the contents of the muscular triangle?
Infrahyoid strap muscle Hypopharynx and larynx Cervical trachea and esophagus Thyroid and parathyroid glands Recurrent laryngeal nerve (vagus nerve branch)
What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?
Inferior = Superior belly of omohyoid muscle
Lateral = Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Superior = Posterior belly of digastric muscle
What are the contents of the carotid triangle?
Common carotid artery Internal jugular vein Vague nerve Cervical sympathetic trunk Lymph nodes (deep cervical or internal jugular chain)
The posterolateral cervical neck is subdivided by what muscle into the occipital and subclavian triangles?
Inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle
What are the boundaries of the occipital triangle?
Anteromedial = Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Posterolateral = Trapezius muscle
Inferior = Inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle
What are the contents of the occipital triangle?
Fat Spinal accessory nerve Dorsal scapular nerves Transverse cervical veins and arteries Lymph nodes (spinal accessory chain)
The muscular triangle occupies the area called ________.
Visceral space
The carotid triangle occupies the area called the _______.
Carotid space
What are the boundaries of the subclavian triangles?
Superior = inferior belly of omohyoid muscle
Anteromedial = Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Posterolateral = Trapezius muscle
What are the contents of the subclavian triangle?
Third portion of subclavian artery
Transverse cervical artery and vein
Cervical portion of brachial plexus
Three layers of deep cervical fascia cleave the infrahyoid neck into fascia fascia-defined spaces.
What are these layers?
Superficial (investing) layer
Middle (visceral) layer
Deep (prevertebral) layer
These facial names are the same as in the suprahyoid neck, with the exception of the middle layer of deep cervical fascia, called the buccopharyngeal fascia in the suprahyoid neck.
What are the five major spaces identified in the infrahyoid neck?
Visceral space Carotid space Posterior cervical space Retropharyngeal space Perivertebral space
Of the five spaces, only what space is unique to the infrahyoid neck?
Visceral space
The carotid, posterior cervical, retropharyngeal, and perivertebral space all traverse both suprahyoid and infrahyoid.
What are the contents of the posterior cervical space?
Fat Spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerv XI) Spinal accessory lymph node chain Preaxillary brachial plexus Dorsal scapular nerve
The posterior cervical space extends to where?
From a small superior tip at the skull base to the clavicle
The extent of the retropharyngeal space.
Skull base to level of T3 vertebral body
The danger space can be found where?
Found directly behind the retropharyngeal space
The anterior and posterior area of the perivertebral space are referred to as what?
The anterior area = prevertebral portion of the perivertebral space
The posterior area = paraspinal portion of the perivertebral space
What are the contents of the prevertebral portion of the perivertebral space?
Prevertebral muscles, longus coli muscle Scalene muscles (anterior, middle, posterior) Proximal brachial plexus Phrenic nerve Vertebral artery and vein Vertebrae and pedicles
What are the contents of the paraspinal portion of the perivertebral space?
Paraspinal muscles
Posterior vertebral body elements (including lamina and spinous process)
The extent of the perivertebral space.
Skull base to mediastinum at approximately the T3 level
