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BEC - Final Exam > Information Technology (Ninja Notes) > Flashcards

Information Technology (Ninja Notes) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 Main Sections of Info. Tech ?

A

Operating
Programming
Library

These roles should be SEGREGATED

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2
Q

What is the Role of the Systems Analyst ?

A
  • Designs or purchases the IT System
  • Responsible for flowcharts
  • Liaison between Users and Programmers

Think Justin at Stein mart, he listens to the people using the Systems so he car toll the programmers what needs to be corrected

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3
Q

What does the System Admin do?

A

Controls database access

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4
Q

Whet does a System Programmer do?

A
  • Writes, updates, maintains, & tests software, systems, and compilers
  • Control - systems programmer can’t also have Application programming duties
  • Control - Programmer CAN’T be an Operator
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5
Q

Role of Systems Operator?

A
  • Schedules and Monitors Jobs
  • Runs IT help desk
  • Control - Operator CAN’T be a programmer
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6
Q

What are Compensating Controls?

A
  • use if duties can’t be segregated
  • include computer logs
  • Control Group - reviews logs
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7
Q

Mgmt. Info Systems: What are they used for?

Name the 4 types

A

Accounting Info System
Executive Info. System
Expert System
Decision Support System

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8
Q

What does AIS do?

A

Type of MIS
Processes transactions
Ex: Oracle

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9
Q

Executive Info. System?

A
  • Specialized for Company Execs.
  • Assists w/ Strategy Only
  • No Decision making capabilities
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10
Q

Expert System?

A

Computer uses reasoning

Structured

No Human interpretation needed

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11
Q

Decision Support system?

A

Computer provides data
Gives interactive Support
Human Interpretation needed

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12
Q

Computing and Reports:

Ad Hoc ?

A

User initiates on Demand

Ex: Query

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13
Q

Computing and Reports:

Exception ?

A

Produced when Edit Tests, Check Digits, or Self-checking Digits identify a problem

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14
Q

Computing and Reports:

End-us or comport’s ?

A

User develops and executes own application

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15
Q

E-Commerce:

Benefits ?

A

makes business transactions easier

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16
Q

E-Commerce:

Risks ?

A

Compromised data or theft

less paper trail for audit
auditor should use Embedded Audit Module
downside: has to be there for system programming

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17
Q

E-Commerce:

Electronic Data Interchange ?

A

Uses globally-accepted standards

Efficient

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18
Q

Networks:

File Server ?

A

stores shared programs and documents

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19
Q

Networks:

Database?

A

located on File Server

allows users to share documents

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20
Q

Networks:

LAN - Local Area Network ?

A

connects computers within close proximity

Expensive: think inside the business office/ center

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21
Q

Networks:

WAN - Wide Area Network ?

A

connects computers Far apart

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22
Q

Networks:

VAN - Value Added Network ?

A 
Privately owned network
Serves as 3rd Party between 2 Companies
Routes EDI  Transactions
Accepts wide range of protocols
VERY COSTLY
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23
Q

Network Risk:

Firewall?

A

Prevents unauthorized access to network

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24
Q

Network Risk:

Virus?

A

Takes over a computer

Needs a host program to run

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25
Network Risk: | Worm?
Takes over multiple computers | Doesn't need a host program to run
26
Computer Hardware: | Automated Equipment Controls ?
Prevents and detects Hardware errors
27
Computer Hardware: | RAM ?
Internal Memory
28
Computer Hardware: | CPU ?
Contras processing unit
29
Computer Hardware: | Job Control Language ?
schedules and allocates system resources
30
Computer Hardware: | Input Device Examples ?
``` Keyboard/ mouse Scanner Magnetic Ink Reader Magnetic Tape Reader EDI Point of Sale Scanner ```
31
Computer Hardware: | Output the vice Examples ?
Speakers/Monitor
32
Computer Hardware: | Magnetic Tape ?
Sequential Access - sorts data in order - slower data retrieval - think: tape straight line - Header label prevents Operator Error from loading wrong tape - External Labels prevent accidental destruction by operator
33
Computer Hardware: | Magnetic Disks ?
Random Access - finds data in random spots - Faster data retrieval - Think: Disk is Circular - Uses Boundary Protection for Data
34
Computer Hardware: | Gateway ?
Connects one network to another | Internet is connected by Gateway
35
Computer Hardware and Software Controls: | Parity Checks ?
Detects Internal data Error Bit added to each character; checks to see if bit was Lost
36
Computer Hardware and Software Controls: | Echo Check ?
Transmitted Data is returned to sender for verification | Think: Echoes back to you
37
Computer Hardware and Software Controls: | Change Control ?
Authorizes program changes and approves program test results
38
Computer Hardware and Software Controls: | Security Software ?
Controls Access to IT systems Don't confuse this with anti-virus software
39
Computer Hardware and Software Controls: | Digital Signature ?
Confirms message has not been altered
40
Computer Types: | PDA / Smartphone / Tablet
Nothing to know here other then they exist
41
Computer Types: | Microcomputers ?
PC / Laptop - Cost Effective
42
Computer Types: | Minicomputer ?
Like a mainframe but smaller
43
Computer Types: | Mainframe ?
Large computer with terminals attached | Think about Corporations
44
Computer Types: | Super Computer ?
VERY Powerful and Big | Think about Government Computers
45
Computer Types: | What is the ORDER of the of Computer Systems? (smallest to largest)
Microcomputer, Minicomputer, Mainframe, Supercomputer
46
Computer Terms: | Bit ?
``` 1 = ON 0 = OFF ```
47
Computer Terms: | Byte ?
8 bits = 1 Character
48
Computer Terms: | Field ?
Group of Related Characters | Ex: Zip Codes, Soc. Security #
49
Computer Terms: | Record ?
Group of Related Fields | Ex: Member Name / Address / City / State / Zip
50
Computer Terms: | File ?
Group of Related Records | Ex: membership Directory
51
Computer Terms: | Put in Order Starting from BIT
Bit, Byte, Field, Record, File Bit was eating a Byte in the Field while listening to a Record and reading Files
52
Computer Languages: | Design Engineers ?
Determine language used for a specific computer; On a Computer to Computer Basis
53
Computer Languages: | Source Programs ?
Written in English
54
Computer Languages: | Object Programs ?
Language Computers understand
55
Computer Languages: | Compiler ?
Translator: Take source language (English) and converts to Object (Computer) Language
56
Computer Processing: | Online Analytical Processing ?
- Uses a Data Warehouse to Support Management decision making - Data Mining
57
Computer Processing: | Note: Uses Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition to analyze data stood within a Data Warehouse
N/A
58
Computer Processing: | Online Transaction Processing ?
Processes a Company's routine transactions - Instant Real-time - Processes transactions as they occur
59
Computer Processing: | Batch Processing ?
Held, Processed all at once, Better audit trail - Updates files all at once - Ex: how test Scores are currently processed - Leaves a better audit trail - Uses Grandfather-Father-Son Backup • 3 levels of back up • kept in 3 different locations
60
Computer Input Controls: | Hash Total ?
- Sum of meaningless #'s - Sum of Social Security Numbers Tip: Ex on question for Hash Total, think which answer when added, would add up to nonsense? Ex: Soc. Sec. #s
61
Computer Input Controls: | Validity Check ?
- Compares data to Existing tables or files - Does a certain answer belong? Ex: # in a Yes / No blank Ex: Is this person a Computer
62
Computer Input Controls: | Limit Check ?
- can't surpass a certain limit Ex: Age > 110 in fill-in blank
63
Computer Input Controls: | Check Digit ?
Adds an identification number to a set of digits | (usually at the End)
64
Computer Input Controls: | Field Check ?
Prevents Invalid Characters Ex: letters entered into 9 field where #s should be entered
65
Disaster Recovery: | Hot Site ?
Takes over immediately, fully equipped
66
Disaster Recovery: | Cold Site ?
Have location, but no Equipment
67
Computer Databases: | SQL ?
Std. Query Language | - Most common database language
68
Computer Databases: | Data Definition Language?
- Defines Databases | - Controls Tables
69
Computer Databases: | Data manipulation Language ?
- Queries Tables
70
Computer Databases: | Data Control Language ?
- Controls Access
71
Computer Databases: | Relational Database ?
- Logical Structure | - Uses Rows and Columns similar to a spreadsheet
72
Computer Databases: | Hierarchial Database ?
- Has various levels | - Uses Trees to store data
73
Computer Databases: | Database Advantages ?
- Data is more accessible | - Reduced Redundancy (remember!)
74
Computer Databases: | Database Disadvantages ?
- Cost of Installation | - Skilled personnel required to maintain
75
Computer Databases: | 3 - Layer System ?
- 3 Layer System • Desktop Client • Application Server • Database Server THINK: your desktop runs Applications and Saves to s Database
76
COBIT : Notes | Write down as much as you can remember
- Globally-accepted set of IT best-practices for the Board, Executives, and Management - Aligns goals and objectives of the organization with IT - Improves IT efficiency and effectiveness - Helps management to manage their IT investment - Provides common language between IT and management - Aids an organization with SOX compliance

BEC - Final Exam (12 decks)

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