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BEC - Final Exam > Information Technology (Ninja Notes) > Flashcards

Information Technology (Ninja Notes) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 Main Sections of Info. Tech ?

A

Operating
Programming
Library

These roles should be SEGREGATED

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2
Q

What is the Role of the Systems Analyst ?

A
  • Designs or purchases the IT System
  • Responsible for flowcharts
  • Liaison between Users and Programmers

Think Justin at Stein mart, he listens to the people using the Systems so he car toll the programmers what needs to be corrected

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3
Q

What does the System Admin do?

A

Controls database access

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4
Q

Whet does a System Programmer do?

A
  • Writes, updates, maintains, & tests software, systems, and compilers
  • Control - systems programmer can’t also have Application programming duties
  • Control - Programmer CAN’T be an Operator
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5
Q

Role of Systems Operator?

A
  • Schedules and Monitors Jobs
  • Runs IT help desk
  • Control - Operator CAN’T be a programmer
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6
Q

What are Compensating Controls?

A
  • use if duties can’t be segregated
  • include computer logs
  • Control Group - reviews logs
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7
Q

Mgmt. Info Systems: What are they used for?

Name the 4 types

A

Accounting Info System
Executive Info. System
Expert System
Decision Support System

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8
Q

What does AIS do?

A

Type of MIS
Processes transactions
Ex: Oracle

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9
Q

Executive Info. System?

A
  • Specialized for Company Execs.
  • Assists w/ Strategy Only
  • No Decision making capabilities
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10
Q

Expert System?

A

Computer uses reasoning

Structured

No Human interpretation needed

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11
Q

Decision Support system?

A

Computer provides data
Gives interactive Support
Human Interpretation needed

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12
Q

Computing and Reports:

Ad Hoc ?

A

User initiates on Demand

Ex: Query

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13
Q

Computing and Reports:

Exception ?

A

Produced when Edit Tests, Check Digits, or Self-checking Digits identify a problem

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14
Q

Computing and Reports:

End-us or comport’s ?

A

User develops and executes own application

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15
Q

E-Commerce:

Benefits ?

A

makes business transactions easier

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16
Q

E-Commerce:

Risks ?

A

Compromised data or theft

less paper trail for audit
auditor should use Embedded Audit Module
downside: has to be there for system programming

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17
Q

E-Commerce:

Electronic Data Interchange ?

A

Uses globally-accepted standards

Efficient

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18
Q

Networks:

File Server ?

A

stores shared programs and documents

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19
Q

Networks:

Database?

A

located on File Server

allows users to share documents

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20
Q

Networks:

LAN - Local Area Network ?

A

connects computers within close proximity

Expensive: think inside the business office/ center

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21
Q

Networks:

WAN - Wide Area Network ?

A

connects computers Far apart

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22
Q

Networks:

VAN - Value Added Network ?

A 
Privately owned network
Serves as 3rd Party between 2 Companies
Routes EDI  Transactions
Accepts wide range of protocols
VERY COSTLY
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23
Q

Network Risk:

Firewall?

A

Prevents unauthorized access to network

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24
Q

Network Risk:

Virus?

A

Takes over a computer

Needs a host program to run

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25
Q

Network Risk:

Worm?

A

Takes over multiple computers

Doesn’t need a host program to run

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26
Q

Computer Hardware:

Automated Equipment Controls ?

A

Prevents and detects Hardware errors

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27
Q

Computer Hardware:

RAM ?

A

Internal Memory

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28
Q

Computer Hardware:

CPU ?

A

Contras processing unit

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29
Q

Computer Hardware:

Job Control Language ?

A

schedules and allocates system resources

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30
Q

Computer Hardware:

Input Device Examples ?

A 
Keyboard/ mouse 
Scanner
Magnetic Ink Reader
Magnetic Tape Reader
EDI
Point of Sale Scanner
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31
Q

Computer Hardware:

Output the vice Examples ?

A

Speakers/Monitor

32
Q

Computer Hardware:

Magnetic Tape ?

A

Sequential Access - sorts data in order

  • slower data retrieval
  • think: tape straight line
  • Header label prevents Operator Error from loading wrong tape
  • External Labels prevent accidental destruction by operator
33
Q

Computer Hardware:

Magnetic Disks ?

A

Random Access - finds data in random spots

  • Faster data retrieval
  • Think: Disk is Circular
  • Uses Boundary Protection for Data
34
Q

Computer Hardware:

Gateway ?

A

Connects one network to another

Internet is connected by Gateway

35
Q

Computer Hardware and Software Controls:

Parity Checks ?

A

Detects Internal data Error

Bit added to each character; checks to see if bit was Lost

36
Q

Computer Hardware and Software Controls:

Echo Check ?

A

Transmitted Data is returned to sender for verification

Think: Echoes back to you

37
Q

Computer Hardware and Software Controls:

Change Control ?

A

Authorizes program changes and approves program test results

38
Q

Computer Hardware and Software Controls:

Security Software ?

A

Controls Access to IT systems

Don’t confuse this with anti-virus software

39
Q

Computer Hardware and Software Controls:

Digital Signature ?

A

Confirms message has not been altered

40
Q

Computer Types:

PDA / Smartphone / Tablet

A

Nothing to know here other then they exist

41
Q

Computer Types:

Microcomputers ?

A

PC / Laptop - Cost Effective

42
Q

Computer Types:

Minicomputer ?

A

Like a mainframe but smaller

43
Q

Computer Types:

Mainframe ?

A

Large computer with terminals attached

Think about Corporations

44
Q

Computer Types:

Super Computer ?

A

VERY Powerful and Big

Think about Government Computers

45
Q

Computer Types:

What is the ORDER of the of Computer Systems? (smallest to largest)

A

Microcomputer, Minicomputer, Mainframe, Supercomputer

46
Q

Computer Terms:

Bit ?

A 
1 = ON
0 = OFF
47
Q

Computer Terms:

Byte ?

A

8 bits = 1 Character

48
Q

Computer Terms:

Field ?

A

Group of Related Characters

Ex: Zip Codes, Soc. Security #

49
Q

Computer Terms:

Record ?

A

Group of Related Fields

Ex: Member Name / Address / City / State / Zip

50
Q

Computer Terms:

File ?

A

Group of Related Records

Ex: membership Directory

51
Q

Computer Terms:

Put in Order Starting from BIT

A

Bit, Byte, Field, Record, File

Bit was eating a Byte in the Field while listening to a Record and reading Files

52
Q

Computer Languages:

Design Engineers ?

A

Determine language used for a specific computer;

On a Computer to Computer Basis

53
Q

Computer Languages:

Source Programs ?

A

Written in English

54
Q

Computer Languages:

Object Programs ?

A

Language Computers understand

55
Q

Computer Languages:

Compiler ?

A

Translator: Take source language (English) and converts to Object (Computer) Language

56
Q

Computer Processing:

Online Analytical Processing ?

A
  • Uses a Data Warehouse to Support Management decision making
  • Data Mining
57
Q

Computer Processing:

Note: Uses Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition to analyze data stood within a Data Warehouse

A

N/A

58
Q

Computer Processing:

Online Transaction Processing ?

A

Processes a Company’s routine transactions

  • Instant Real-time
  • Processes transactions as they occur
59
Q

Computer Processing:

Batch Processing ?

A

Held, Processed all at once, Better audit trail

  • Updates files all at once
  • Ex: how test Scores are currently processed
  • Leaves a better audit trail
  • Uses Grandfather-Father-Son Backup
    • 3 levels of back up
    • kept in 3 different locations
60
Q

Computer Input Controls:

Hash Total ?

A
  • Sum of meaningless #’s
  • Sum of Social Security Numbers

Tip: Ex on question for Hash Total, think which answer when added, would add up to nonsense?
Ex: Soc. Sec. #s

61
Q

Computer Input Controls:

Validity Check ?

A
  • Compares data to Existing tables or files
  • Does a certain answer belong?

Ex: # in a Yes / No blank
Ex: Is this person a Computer

62
Q

Computer Input Controls:

Limit Check ?

A
  • can’t surpass a certain limit

Ex: Age > 110 in fill-in blank

63
Q

Computer Input Controls:

Check Digit ?

A

Adds an identification number to a set of digits

(usually at the End)

64
Q

Computer Input Controls:

Field Check ?

A

Prevents Invalid Characters

Ex: letters entered into 9 field where #s should be entered

65
Q

Disaster Recovery:

Hot Site ?

A

Takes over immediately, fully equipped

66
Q

Disaster Recovery:

Cold Site ?

A

Have location, but no Equipment

67
Q

Computer Databases:

SQL ?

A

Std. Query Language

- Most common database language

68
Q

Computer Databases:

Data Definition Language?

A
  • Defines Databases

- Controls Tables

69
Q

Computer Databases:

Data manipulation Language ?

A
  • Queries Tables
70
Q

Computer Databases:

Data Control Language ?

A
  • Controls Access
71
Q

Computer Databases:

Relational Database ?

A
  • Logical Structure

- Uses Rows and Columns similar to a spreadsheet

72
Q

Computer Databases:

Hierarchial Database ?

A
  • Has various levels

- Uses Trees to store data

73
Q

Computer Databases:

Database Advantages ?

A
  • Data is more accessible

- Reduced Redundancy (remember!)

74
Q

Computer Databases:

Database Disadvantages ?

A
  • Cost of Installation

- Skilled personnel required to maintain

75
Q

Computer Databases:

3 - Layer System ?

A
  • 3 Layer System
    • Desktop Client
    • Application Server
    • Database Server

THINK: your desktop runs Applications and Saves to s Database

76
Q

COBIT : Notes

Write down as much as you can remember

A
  • Globally-accepted set of IT best-practices for the Board, Executives, and Management
  • Aligns goals and objectives of the organization with IT
  • Improves IT efficiency and effectiveness
  • Helps management to manage their IT investment
  • Provides common language between IT and management
  • Aids an organization with SOX compliance

BEC - Final Exam (12 decks)

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