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Information Technology Flashcards

1
Q

Open Source Principles

A

Free distribution and redistribution, source code availability, provisions for derived works

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2
Q

Examples of Open Source

A

Linux, OpenOffice, GIMP, Mozilla, Apache, MySQL

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3
Q

Examples of Proprietary

A

Windows, Microsoft Office, Photoshop, Internet Explorer, IIS, Oracle

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4
Q

3 Open Source Tech. major to internet

A

Linux, Apache, MySQL

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5
Q

Pros - open source

A

peer-reviewed code, dynamic community, rapid bug fixes, released by engineers

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6
Q

Cons -open source

A

dead-end software, fragmentation, developed by engineers, inability to point fingers

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7
Q

Open Source in LIS

A

used very frequently

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8
Q

Omeka

A

Omeka is a free, flexible, and open source web-publishing platform for the display of library, museum, archives, and scholarly collections and exhibitions.

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9
Q

Nvivo2.0

A

Nvivo is a QSR software that supports qualitative analysis. Using Nvivo facilitates content analysis and the search for frequencies and co-occurrences of codes and attributes.

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10
Q

Telecommunications

A

Electronic transmission of signals for communications

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11
Q

Telecommunications medium

A

material substance that carries an electronic signal to support communications between a sending and receiving device

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12
Q

synchronous communications

A

receiver gets message instantaneously

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13
Q

asynchronous communications

A

receiver gets message after some delay

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14
Q

simplex channel

A

transmits data in only one direction

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15
Q

half-duplex channel

A

transmits data in either direction but not simultaneously

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16
Q

full-duplex channel

A

permits data transmission in both directions at the same time

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17
Q

channel bandwidth

A

rate at which data is exchanged, measured in bits/sec

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18
Q

circuit switching network

A

sets up a circuit between the sender and receiver before any communications can occur

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19
Q

packet switching network

A

no fixed path is created between the communicating devices,

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20
Q

telecommunications media categories

A

guided transmission media and wireless

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21
Q

guided transmission media trypes

A

twisted pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable

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22
Q

twisted-pair wire

A

classified by cateforey

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23
Q

coaxial cable

A

offers cleaner and crisper data transmission (less noise) than twisted-pair wire

24
Q

fiber-optic cable

A

transmits signals with light beams

25
Q

wireless transmission

A

broadcast of communications in one of three frequency ranges

26
Q

personal area network

A

support interconnection of information technology within a range of about 33 feet (bluetooth)

27
Q

local area network (LAN)

A

connect computer systems and devices within a small area, e.g., office or home

28
Q

metropolitan area network (MAN)

A

connect users and their devices in a geographical area that spans a campus or city

29
Q

wide area network

A

connect large geographic areas

30
Q

ethernet

A

main technology for local area networks, used for connecting all computers in a lab

31
Q

channel

A

wire that = physical setup for an Ethernet network

32
Q

router

A

variation of a LAN connection, physically connected to an ISP’s modem, connected to the Internet, Capable of broadcasting and receiving signals

33
Q

client

A

any computer that sends messages requesting services from the servers on the network

34
Q

server

A

provider of a resource or service, e.g web server, printer, etc

35
Q

the internet

A

made up of computers, network hardware, fiber-optic cables, software, and the TCP/IP protocols

36
Q

point-to-point asynchronous communication

A

fast enough to mimic synchronous communication

37
Q

ARPANET

A

ancestor of the internet, project started by the DOD in 1969

38
Q

Backbone

A

Internet’s high-speed, long distance communication links

39
Q

Internet Protocol (IP)

A

Enables computers to route communications traffic from one network to anouther

40
Q

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A

Transport-layer protocol that most Internet applications use with IP

41
Q

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

A

an assigned address on the Internet for each computer

42
Q

IP Address

A

A unique address, series of four numbers (one byte each), range of each of these numbers (0-255) allows for billions of IP addresses

43
Q

top-level domain

A

.edu, .com, .org, .net, .mil, .gov

44
Q

Ping

A

allows us to see if a computer on the network is available

45
Q

trace route

A

displayes the route and transit delays of packets across an internet protocol

46
Q

ISP

A

individual connections to internet via internet service provider

47
Q

Enterprise network

A

larger network organization that connects to the Internet by a gateway

48
Q

peering

A

two or more autonomous networks interconnect directly to exchange traffic (free)

49
Q

transit

A

allowing network traffic to cross a computer network

50
Q

cellular wide area network

A

base stations serve cells, land area served by cell towers

51
Q

Wi-Fi

A

simply connecting to a Wi-Fi router in your home

52
Q

“The Web”

A

consists of server and client software, the Hypertext Transfer Protocal (http), standards, mark-up languages that combine to deliver information and services over the Internet

53
Q

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

A

a communication standard governing the requests and responses that take place between the web browser running on the end user’s computer and the webserver

54
Q

Three Parts of URL

A

Protocol, Server Computer’s name, Page’s pathname

55
Q

URL Protcol

A

Tells computers how to handle the file

56
Q

Server computer’s name

A

name given by the domain hierarchy

57
Q

Page’s pathname

A

Tells server which file (page) is requested and where to find ti

Information Technology (2 decks)

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