Information systems in the management of knowledge, ethics and crime

Question 1

How are files organized on a computer system?

Answer 1

By hierarchy, record and entity.

Question 2

Explain data redundancy and inconsistency.

Answer 2

Data redundancy (data hierarchy) is the presence of duplicated data in multiple diles, meanwhile data inconsistency (data entity) is when the same atribute has different values.

Question 3

Enumerate the problems with the traditional file environment.

Answer 3

Data redundancy and inconsistency, program-data dependence (when changes in program requires changes to data accessed by the program), lack of flexibility, poor security and lack of data sharing and availability.

Question 4

What’s a database?

Answer 4

A database can be seen as a collection of data organized to serve many applications by centralizing data and controlling redundant data.

Question 5

What’s a DBMS?

Answer 5

A DBMS or Database Management System is all the interfaces between application programs and physical data files, that seprates logical and physical views of data and solves the problems of traditional file environment.

Question 6

What are the 2 capabilities of DBMS?

Answer 6

Querying and reporting.

Question 7

Name the 2 types of DBMS you know.

Answer 7

RDBMS (Relational DBMS) and OODBMS (Object-Oriented DBMS).

Question 8

Show the differences between RDBMS and OODBMS.

Answer 8

The RDBMS stores only data in Entities, defined as tables that hold specific information and handle simpler data. The Entity type refers to the collection of entity that share a common definition.

The OODBMS stores data as Objects, handles larger and more complex data and stores not only data but also the methods to use it. Class describes a group of objects that have common relationships, behaviors and also have similar properties.

Question 9

What are the 3 basic operations to develop useful sets of data in a RDBMS?

Answer 9

Select, join and project.

Question 10

What are the capabilities of DBMS?

Answer 10

Data definition, data dictionary and data manipulation language and report generation.

Question 11

What are we doing when we are streamlining complex groupings of data to minimize redundant dsta elements and awkward many-to-many relationships?

Answer 11

Normalization.

Question 12

What’s information policy?

Answer 12

Information policy specifies the organization’s rules for sharing, disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, classifying and inventorying information.

Question 13

What’s responsible for the specific rules and procedures through which data can be managed as an organizational resource?

Answer 13

Data administration.

Question 14

What’s responsible for defining and organizing the structure and content of the database and maintaining the database?

Answer 14

Database administration.

Question 15

How can one ensure data quality?

Answer 15

Identify and correct erroneous data using data quality audits and data cleansing.

Question 16

What are the 2 traditional techniques to analyze large amounts of data from multiple systems?

Answer 16

Data warehousing (provide query, analysis and reporting tools from many cores) and data mining (focus on single subjects).

Question 17

Give a brief explanation of Business Intelligence.

Answer 17

Business Intelligence are all the tools for consolidating, analyzing and providing access to vast amounts of data to help users make better business decisions.

Question 18

What are the principal tools that BI use?

Answer 18

Query and report, ETL (Extraxt, Transform and Load), OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) and Data Mining

Question 19

What’s KM

Answer 19

KM or Knowledge Management is a multidisciplinary approach that takes a systematic view to the information assets of an organization.

Question 20

What’s KMS?

Answer 20

KMS or Knowledge Management System is a method for the improvement of business process performance that needs a data base and business intellegence to work.

Question 21

How can a company win costumer’s trust?

Answer 21

Customer’s trust is easily won by making sure that their information is collected, used and stored with the utmost care.

Question 22

Talk about GDPR.

Answer 22

GDPR also known as General Data Protection Regulation is a European regulation on personal data protection, that says that companies should take privacy in to account when designing, implementing and operating any technology which processes personal and confident data. This should be offered to the user by deafault.

Question 23

What are the recommendations for a more efficient data protection?

Answer 23

Data Classification, Encryption, Passwords, Approved Tools (ITC’s), Access Controls, Geograpic Rules, Data Detention, Data Minimization, Escalating Issues and Readiness and Training.

Question 24

Give a explanation of all types of information ethics.

Answer 24

Information Accuracy- deals with authentication and fidelity of information;

Information Property- deals with who owns information about individuals and how information can be sold and exchanged;

Information Accessibility- deals with what information a person has the right to obtain about others and how the information can be used;

Information Privacy- deals with collectiong, storing and disseminating information about individuals.

Question 25

What’s the differene between hacking and cracking?

Answer 25

Hackers break into computers without doing damages meanwhile crackers break into computer with the purpose of doing damage.

Question 26

Name the most common types of data crime.

Answer 26

Data Diddling - modifying data;

Salami Slicing - skimming small amounts of money;

Phreaking - making free long-distance calls;

Cloning - phone fraud using scanners;

Carding - stealing credit card numbers online;

Piggybacking - straling credit card numbers by spying;

Social Engineering - tricking employees to gain access;

Dumpster Driving - finding private info in garbage cans;

Spoofing - stealing passwords through false login page.

Question 27

Name the most common type of software attacks.

Answer 27

Viruses, Worms, Torjan Horses, Logic Bombs, Trap Doors, Denial-of-Service, Pest Ware, Adware, Spyware, Spam Ware, Spam, Cookies, Web Bugs, Phishing and Pharming.