Information Systems and Databases Flashcards
What are Information Systems?
Computer systems that support end users, giving them access to the information. Information systems perform a variety of tasks.
What are the 2 types of transaction processing?
Batch Processing
- collects transaction data and processes later.
Real Time Processing
- processes immediately.
What are the Characteristics of an information system?
Organistion of data into information.
Analysis of information to give knowledge
What are the Functions of Information Systems?
Processing Transactions
Providing users with information about an organisation.
What are Processing systems?
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), collects, stores, modifies and retrieves the daily transactions of an organisation.
e.g. ATM and EFTPOS
What helps in decision making?
Decision support systems (DSS)
-assists people to make decisions by providing information, models and analysis tools.
Expert Systems
- are examples of decision support systems where a user is asked a set of questions and the answers compared to a knowledge base to obtain a possible solution.
How is an information system used to manage the information used within and organisation?
- This system provides an effective way to complete tasks in an organisation
- A range of appropriate software tools are available for editing and production of high quality documents and to provide both internal and external communication
What are some examples of Database Information Systems?
School databases, Roads and Maritime Services, DVD/Video stores.
What are some Organisation methods used in Info Systems and Databases?
Non-Computer Methods (usually paper)
Computer Methods (more advantages than paper)
Flat-File Database (data into single table)
Relational Database (series of related tables)
Schema (an organised plan of the entire database)
Views (table, form, report)
What is data modeling?
the process of identifying entities, relationships between entities, attributes of entities. It is critical in creating an efficient database.
e.g. Data dictionaries, schema and normalisation
Whats a data dictionary?
Contains metadata, or information about the data
The description helps to standardise data entry and provide documentation for the databasE.
What are six types of data that can be entered in a field?
Alphanumeric data (letters, numbers and symbols)
Numeric data (numbers)
Boolean/logical dat (e.g. true/false)
Date data(dd/mm/yyyy)
Time data (hh/mm)
Calculations (shows formula used)
What information is contained inside of a data dictionary?
Field name
Data type
Data format
Field size
Description
What is normalisation of data?
The process of analysing data to create the most efficient database structure.
The process of organising data into table so the results of using the database are an
intended.
