INFORMATION SYSTEM IS CONTEX

Question 1

What is the system? (one example)

Answer 1

A group of elements that work together to achieve a purpose, for example educational system.

Question 2

how many ways systems can designed?

Answer 2

a system may be designed by people, such as banking sys, or occur in nature, such as water cycle.

Question 3

what is an information system?

Answer 3

information system performs a set of info processes requiring participants, data/info and IT

Question 4

what is the purpose?

Answer 4

a statement identifying who the info sys is for and what it needs to achieve.

Question 4

what is the purpose?

Answer 4

a statement identifying who the info sys is for and what it needs to achieve.

Question 5

what is the purpose of info sys?

Answer 5

info sys are created to solve a problem and provides benefits to an organisation or individuals.

Question 6

individuals may require an info sys whose purpose is

Answer 6

to keep track income and expenses
to publish a weekly newsletter for a local athletics club
to design a multimedia presentation for the next staff meeting
to communicate with other people on the Internet.

Question 7

organisations may require info sys whose purpose is:

Answer 7

to provide stock inventory, sales, payroll, share market, commodity prices or interest rates information
to assist decision-making by summarising and comparing data
to share data and information between individuals and offices in different locations
to store and organise information on consumer trends, competition products or labour costs.

Question 8

what is environment?

Answer 8

everything that influences or influenced by an info sys and its purpose. For example, the environment of the local library is not only the building, but also factors outside the building, such as its location, electrical power, air-conditioning, communications, and funding from the government.

Question 9

what is the main reason for the environment to change?

Answer 9

the progress in info technology.

Question 10

what is the type of information processes

Answer 10

computer based and non-computer based

Question 11

explain how an information system impacts on its environment and how it in turn impacts on the information system

Answer 11

Today, the environment of many organisations is the world. The Internet has provided a global marketplace for goods and services. Organisations can transfer information around the world and move finance easily between countries. Information technology continues to change at an extraordinary rate and will continue to affect the environment of information systems.

Question 12

how info technology would be effective?

Answer 12

To be effective, the information technology must be able to support the information process.

Question 13

what is info technology?

Answer 13

hardware and software used in information processes

Question 14

what is hardware?

Answer 14

the physical equipment involved in processing information, such as a computer, network cables and data storage devices.

Question 15

what is computer

Answer 15

electronic devices that can process data according to stored sequences of instructions.

Question 16

what is the five basic functions of computers

Answer 16

1. Input: involves entering data into the computer. A device designed to assist the entry of data is called an input device. Input devices include the keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera, video camera and microphone.
   2.Processing: changes data to produce information by following a series of in- structions Processing is performed by the computer’s central processing unit (CPU). The CPU is the ‘brain’ of the computer. It takes the data from an in- put device, changes it to produce information and sends it to an output device to be displayed to the user.
   3.Storage: involves retaining data over a period of time. Before, during and after processing, data and programs are held temporarily in memory. To retain data more permanently, storage devices such as magnetic disks, magnetic tape, optical disks and flash memory are used.
   4.Control: coordinates the operations of input, processing, output and storage. The control unit is part of the CPU. The control unit is the ‘organiser’ that directs the flow of data in the computer in the same way as traffic lights control the flow of cars at an intersection.
   5.Output involves the presentation or display of information to a person, or the transfer of data to another computer. Common output devices are the computer screen and the printer. The information presented is the result of a participant’s work on the computer.

Question 17

what is software?

Answer 17

is the detailed instructions (computer programs) used to direct the hardware to perform a particular task. A computer needs software to tell it what to do and it needs hardware to carry out the actual work. There are two main types of software: application software and system software.

Question 18

what is data?

Answer 18

is the raw material entered into an information system.

Question 19

what is info?

Answer 19

is data that has been ordered and given some meaning by people. It is created or modified by the information processes.

Question 20

who is the user

Answer 20

user – a person who views or uses the information output from an information system

Question 21

who is participant

Answer 21

a special class of user who carries out the information processes within an information system