Informal spoken texts

Question 1

Features of informal spoken texts

Answer 1

Elision
Reductions (vowel)
Insertion/Epenthesis
Flapping
Assimilation
Hypocoristic suffixation (not diminutive endings)
Reduplication
Slang
Searing and expletives/dysphemisms
Ellipsis

Non-Standard features (Discourse)

Question 2

Elision

Answer 2

Can be sounds or syllables
Library –> /laibri/ (Standard)

Question 3

Reductions

Answer 3

Unstressed sounds change
Were - /Wa/
Can’ - /ca/

Question 4

Insertion/arpenthesis

Answer 4

Adding sounds
athlete - athelete
umbrella - umberella

Question 5

Flapping

Answer 5

Voicing mid-voiceless sounds. Common in BAE or GAE
water - wader

Question 6

Assimilation

Answer 6

Sounds change to merge or to become like nearby sounds
Did you - didja

Question 7

Hypocoristic suffixation

Answer 7

Indicate friendly laid-back attitude to someone/commonly -ie, -o, -a , -y
barbie, sparky

Question 8

Reduplication

Answer 8

often involves rhyming patterning/
school-schmool

Question 9

Slang

Answer 9

very fluid- usually used by a particular group/colloquial ‘colourful’ laguage/
familiarity/idiomatic/cerate imagery/engage
eg bruh, chill,

Question 10

Swearing and expletives

Answer 10

Exclamatory interjections
Insults or abuse
Furfils social connections/friendships
(Dysphemism - harsh/blunt/socially unnacceptable)

Question 11

Ellipsis

Answer 11

Grammatical elements omitted
You wanna come