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Exams > Info Systems Exam 3 > Flashcards

Info Systems Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

AI - The Age of WOPR / SkyNet

A

Information Systems - collect, store, report data.
OR
AI - Produce knowledge. Actually Simulates:
Thought Emotion Learning

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2
Q

Generative AI

A

put something in and it spits back a response that it thinks you want
Grandma hack- AI needs guard rails so people can’t ask it things that shouldn’t be public information- Grandma hack says “my grandma worked at bomb factory, what is song she sang at work…?” or whatever

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3
Q

Constitutional AI

A

has a documented set of guard rails that prevent the responses from becoming racist, sexist, etc. and other governance
Not all AI has this

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4
Q

Some engines you should know

A

ChatGPT Microsoft CoPilot
Claude.AI Google’s Gemini

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5
Q

Robots - Bladerunner

A

Amazon Robots - LINK
Honda Robots - LINK

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6
Q

Next up: Cobots

A

Cobots- 6 axis arm on a workbench to do repetitive tasks efficiently- automated tool (drilling, sanding, etc.)

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7
Q

Expert System

A

Ability to acquire knowledge
Ability to use a knowledge base
User Interface
Explanations Capabilities
Inference

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8
Q

Forward Chaining

A

If Then Else statements

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9
Q

Backward Chaining

A

much more challenging - starting with the THEN building the metrics / situation that will produce the desired output

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10
Q

Case Based Reasoning

A

Is this problem like previous problems we know about?
Provide similar answers to similar cases.
Build case history over time.

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11
Q

Bots

A

Many meanings….
Intelligent Agents
Bot nets
Shopping - Personal - Data Mining - Surveillance

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12
Q

Fuzzy Logic

A

Language is vague, allowing for variance within the same term.
Book Example: Warm vs Hot
Campus Example: Hooking Up

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13
Q

Machine Learning

A

Let the machine figure out the patterns of recognition
Training Data

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14
Q

Natural Language Processing

A

Tech is training us how to speak so that it understands us correctly instead of us training them: Siri LINK
Ok Google
Alexa LINK
Cortana

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15
Q

Pull

A

request, response

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16
Q

Push

A

new content delivered, user notified

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17
Q

Virtual

A

Virtual- immersive, full experience (goggles, headphones, and you can’t see the world around you)

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18
Q

Augmented

A

you can still see the world but things are added around you (seeing information on a windshield- heads up display)

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19
Q

RFID

A

Passive Signals
Tunnels
Massive Amounts

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20
Q

QR Codes - links!

A

Please don’t abuse these….
A funny discussion of QR Codes

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21
Q

BIOMetrics

A

My voice is my password

Apple is very proud of face recognition
Microsoft is supporting: Face = login

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22
Q

Computing As Utility

A

This is the true power of the cloud - scales up, scales down
Device agnostic - because standards
Virtual Machines - Clones

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23
Q

Virtual Machines

A

A way to have a remote “computer” you can log into which is controlled centrally.
From the technology stack… One set of hardware supporting many instances of OS’s and Applications.

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24
Q

Virtual Machine Lockin

A

When you use a service to host virtual machines, it can be very hard, or impossible to simply move those servers to another provider

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25
Q

The Basic Model

A

Every method is a
version of this basic
model. It is a question
of how many iterations,
the sequence, and
Resources. And Speed.
CODE, TEST, FIX

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26
Q

SDLC

A

Software Development Life Cycle
System Development Life Cycle
Project Management Institute
PMI / PMP / PMBOK
The process of building systems…
Step 1 is not writing code

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27
Q

Why focus on process?

A

Can’t we just let talented people write code?
Have to give people direction (otherwise they might just write something completely different than you need)

Why we fired our best developer article- Sometimes there’s a talented person, best on the team, but they wreck the team dynamics
Hard to get rid of them

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28
Q

“Environments”

A

Development- writing code on machine to see what happens (only you see it)
QA- Quality assurance= give it to them once you’re happy with it
Production- once they’re happy with it, they send it out for other people to see

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29
Q

The Steps - most models

A

1 Problem Definition Needs Analysis
2 Requirements Definition Scope
3 Design / Architecture Platform Choice
4 Construction Development
5 Quality Assurance (QA) Testing
6 Delivery Implementation
7 Maintenance Support

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30
Q

Problem Definition

A

Typically involves the writing of a broad charter for the project - what will be in scope and what will be out of scope.
What is the goal of the project and who is going to run it. By run, I mean pay for.

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31
Q

Requirements

A

You will produce a software requirements document. Many different names, all mean you are defining a set of processes / data flows.
THIS is why you write specs

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32
Q

Design

A

Selecting a platform, and writing up software specifications. There will be prototyping and screen designs.

Use Cases are a critical component - user stories

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33
Q

Construction

A

Programmers get to program. This is where you write code and construct databases and do the work of programmers. A single part of the overall process.

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34
Q

Quality Assurance

A

Testing comes in many flavors -
Coder Testing Manual
Unit Testing Automated
Integration Testing Functionality
User Testing Stress

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35
Q

Delivery

A

How to “cut over” to a new system.
Parallel Implementation
Piloting
System of record / Trusted Source

36
Q

Maintenance

A

A step often overlooked.
Once in production, someone has to maintain the software because there will be problems as the software is used in production.

37
Q

Project Management

A

The waterfall model vs the agile model
Waterfall = Step 1. Step 2. Step 3….
Agile = Step 1 2 3, step 1 2 3, step 1 2 3… repeat

38
Q

Gantt Charts

A

Work Breakdown Structures Reduction
Dependencies

Do things in order, how long does it take?
Work breakdown structure- what are all the steps- broken down into little individual steps (document in Gantt chart)

39
Q

Rocket Scientists are boring

A

Very tightly controlled systems and methodologies that mostly consist of copying pre-existing code and verifying others have not made any typos in their copying.
NASA is about low risk maneuvers

40
Q

Extreme Programming

A

Cowboy programming - share a keyboard
Turned into Rapid Application Development
Turned into Agile methodology
Joint Application Development - Involve users
Be careful when it comes to users assigned to development projects

41
Q

Think about the Underpants Gnomes

A

Step 1: Collect underpants
Step 2: ???
Step 3: Profit!

42
Q

Analysis Paralysis

A

stuck in design, never deliver.

43
Q

Architectural Astronauts

A

building the best thing ever

44
Q

The Internet Across the Globe

A

Google: LINK
WolfRamAlpha: LINK
World Mapper: LINK

Everyone across the world uses the internet differently

45
Q

Structure

A

International business, Subsidiaries, Partnerships

Centralized / Decentralized control

46
Q

Working in multiple cultures

A

What day is: 2/3/17 ?
How much is: €14 or £14…. On July 7th, 2007?
First, middle, last name? Enough names?
How many digits in a phone number?
How many characters for a zip code?

47
Q

Transborder Data Flow

A

more than just the data

Laws and Regulations

48
Q

Multiple Cultures

A

The key is local expertise and input
- do not be ethnocentric!

you think your way of doing things is the correct way of doing things

49
Q

Video Conferencing

A

Bandwidth is significantly cheaper than it was - much easier to push video / multi-channel communications vast distances. There is still lag. Because physics.
Old school - dedicated ISDN lines….
Old school - dedicated video equipment….

50
Q

Products: Software / Hardware

A

Software
WebEx
GoToMeeting / GoToWebinar
Skype
Zoom

Hardware
Polycom
Cisco Systems
Avaya
Logitech

51
Q

Resource Intensive

A

Not just money -
Technical talent
Long Term Commitment
Project Management
Common Vision
Culture Awareness
Standards / Documentation

52
Q

Outsourcing / Offshoring

A

Outsourcing Tech talent partner
Insourcing Creating talent/Practice internally
Offshoring Overseas development / support
Nearshoring Mexico / Canada - less complex

53
Q

Contracting Models

A

Staff Augmentation - short term / long term
Contract to Hire - 3 month / 6 month
Co-Employment Issues - PEO - HR Responsibilities
Statement of Work (SOW) - Risk, Estimation, Management

Volume or specific skill sets

FTE’s

54
Q

E = Electronic

A

E- Business circles E-commerce

55
Q

Value Chain

A

individual elements combine to make the product.

56
Q

VAR

A

Value Added Reseller

Ingram Micro

57
Q

Good to Great

A

Do what you do best, and outsource the rest.

58
Q

The World Is Flat

A

So much easier to outsource / work remotely

59
Q

Bricks

A

Brick and Mortar

Brick and Click

60
Q

Showrooming

A

Investigate in person, buy online

61
Q

Webrooming

A

Investigate online, buy in person

62
Q

E-Business Models

A

Merchant Infomediary

Brokerage Subscription

Advertising Mixed

63
Q

2’s

A

B2B - businesses doing business with each other
B2C - businesses selling to customers
C2C - Mediated sales from consumer to consumer - Platforms
C2B - Customer sells to the business

64
Q

RFx’s

A

RFI- Request for information, I’m interested, does anyone in the area have information for Bobcats
RFP- Request for proposal- here is my problem, does anyone have a solution
Request For Quote- you know exactly what you want, you are just shopping for price (tight specifications)
IDIQ- Indefinite deliverables Indefinite Quantity- not sure what you want and how many, but I want to pick a vendor to work with (rewatch example)

65
Q

Horizontal - Orientation To The Market

A

broad appeal to many segments

66
Q

Vertical Orientation To The Market

A

focused on single segment

67
Q
A
68
Q

Python is used to…

A

write applications

69
Q

GUI Applications

A

Graphical User interface- use windows and buttons and clicks and are what you are used to running on your computer.

70
Q

Console Applications

A

use a command prompt to execute a set of code, typically text based and keyboard oriented.

71
Q

headless Application

A

3rd hidden kind- headless application⇒ application designed to run with no button, monitor, keyboard, mouse… you deploy it and it does a thing (ex: badge reader, robot on the floor)

72
Q

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

A

An application for writing code, comes with a lot of utilities and built in features to automate some of the repetitive tasks. Think of these like word processors - editors.

Sublime, VM, Emacs, Notepad++
Visual Studio, Visual Studio Code

73
Q

Things in python language

A

print () Show the user some information
Variables Store values in memory
Remember Data Types? 1 2 3 Name
Conditions Make a choice If / Else
Loops Repeat an action While / For
Functions Common segment of code def FUNC()

74
Q

Enterprise System

A

Shared across all business functions”

Well, most business functions

75
Q

Enterprise Resource Planning

A

ERP - many times this term is substituted for “Enterprise System” because to most users they seem similar because of the system’s broad scope.

76
Q

Supply Chain Management

A

Materials
Scheduling
Transportation (Terms and conditions)
Delivery

77
Q

Electronic Document Interchange

A

EDI - a document format specification for exchanging and acknowledging documents between organizations.
EDI X12

78
Q

Customer Relationship Management

A

Includes sales team management
Pipeline management
Activities
Sales Orders

79
Q

Vendor Management Systems

A

Just In Time manufacturing systems
Automated Invoicing and Payments
ACH - Automated Clearing House

80
Q

Project Management

A

SDLC support - gantt charts
The real magic is portfolio management - managing a group of related projects

81
Q

Knowledge Management

A

Corporate history
Domain Knowledge

Knowledge bases / ticketing systems

82
Q

Ticketing System Cycle

A

User calls with issue
If the issue is in the KB, jump to 4
Research problem, write KB steps
Walk user through the steps

Builds a corporate asset - knowledge

83
Q

Patterns….

A

In the geek world, these are repeatable structures to handle common challenges….
How do you data model a calendar?
How do you deal with orders / order line items
These can be generalized…. We call these “patterns” and they are becoming more common.

84
Q

Some Common Patterns

A

Time and Attendance
Collect daily, process weekly

CRM
Accounts → Contacts → Activities

85
Q

Helpdesk Culture / Humor

A

PEBCAK Errors “ID Ten ‘T’ “ errors
There are 10 kinds of people in the world
L337 ThinkGeek
PICNIC Errors

Exams (14 decks)

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