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Info for Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Growth in membership of trade unions during WW1

A

4 to 8 million

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2
Q

Reason for growth in Trade Union Membership

A

Poor working conditions

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3
Q

Number of men in armed forces which Churchill needed to demobilise in 1919

A

3.5 million

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4
Q

Date WSC falls out with DLG over peace talks with Bolsheviks

A

January 1919

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5
Q

Amount spent by GB in Russian Civil War

A

£73 million

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6
Q

Date WSC nearly resigns over the Anglo-Russian Trade Agreement made by DLG

A

November 1920

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7
Q

Number of counties where martial law is introduced IN 1920

A

6 (of 9)

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8
Q

Act by which Ireland was partitioned into two countries IN 1920

A

Government of Ireland Act 1920

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9
Q

Date the Black and Tans are sent into Ireland

A

(25th March) 1920

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10
Q

Date DLG appoints WSC as chair of Cabinet Committee on Ireland

A

June 1920

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11
Q

Date that WSC softens his stance and calls for a national truce on Ireland

A

December 1920

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12
Q

Number of British troops sent to control Irish unrest IN JULY 1920

A

100,000

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13
Q

Date that Clemmie sends letter to criticising his use of the Black and Tans

A

18th February 1921

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14
Q

Number of GB negotiators in Ireland talks (in Downing Street 1921)

A

7

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15
Q

Number of IRA members imprisoned by July 1921

A

4,500

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16
Q

Name of IRA negotiator assassinated

A

Michael Collins

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17
Q

Date IRA negotiator is assassinated

A

August 1922

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18
Q

Date armistice treaty signed between GB government and Irish republicans

A

6th December 1921

Came into effect 6th December 1922

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19
Q

Churchill political position Feb 1921 to October 1922

A

Secretary of State for Colonies

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20
Q

Date Churchill agrees navy spending should be cut by chancellory

A

January 1922

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21
Q

Dates WSC is Chancellor of Exchequer

A

Nov 1924 to May 1929

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22
Q

Date Churchill cuts spending of Navy cruiser building programme and what he says about it

A

December 1924

“For what are the admiralty preparing - a war with Japan?!”

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23
Q

Date Churchill suffers election defeat in Dundee

A

1922

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24
Q

Date Churchill stands as Constitutionalist candidate in Epping by-election and wins by 10,000 votes

A

October 1924

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25
Q

Date WSC switches to Conservative party

A

1925

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26
Q

Date Turkey takes Smyrna. Consequences?

A

August 1922 - Churchill changes stance to anti-Turkish. Agrees with DLG and Lord Birkenhead into wanting to negotiate peace between the Turks and Greeks.

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27
Q

Date of Chanak Crisis

A

September 1922

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28
Q

Events of Chanak Crisis

A

GB Gvt supports Greeks against rebel Turks.

DLG ends up resigning due to Conservative Pressure in October 1922

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29
Q

Cost of dealing with Palestine (mandate from WW1)

A

£37 million

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30
Q

Date of WSC announcing the restoration of Gold Standard at Pre-War parity

A

April 1925

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31
Q

GB debt to USA in 1925

A

£1000 million

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32
Q

World debt (French, Japanese) debt to GB 1925

A

£2000 million

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33
Q

Method of repayment of US debts

A

Instalments - at the same time as everyone pays GB back

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34
Q

Year Budget negotiated with Chamberlain over welfare state and benefits for the poor

A

1926

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35
Q

5th and final budget as chancellor with derating scheme for local taxes. Heavily criticised by NC. Money regained by 4p tax on petrol

A

1928

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36
Q

Date 10 year rule is discussed and extended

A

July 1928

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37
Q

Anglo German Naval Agreement

A

June 1935

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38
Q

Spanish Civil War

A

1936

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39
Q

Japanese Invasion of Manchuria

A

September 1931

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40
Q

WSC

A

29/10/1929

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41
Q

Hitler’s Enabling Law

A

March 1933

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42
Q

Baldwin takes over from MacDonald as PM

A

June 1935

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43
Q

Hitler becomes Fuhrer

A

August 1934

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44
Q

Germany leaves LoN

A

September 1933

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45
Q

World Disarmament Conference

A

1932-1933

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46
Q

Sudentenland Crisis and Munich Agreement

A

September 1938

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47
Q

Nazi-Soviet Pact

A

August 1939

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48
Q

Italy leaves LoN and joins Rome Berlin Axis

A

October 1936

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49
Q

Hitler becomes Chancellor

A

January 1933

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50
Q

Chamberlain becomes PM

A

May 1937

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51
Q

Saar Plebicite

A

March 1935

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52
Q

Germany re-introduces conscription

A

1935

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53
Q

German reoccupies Rhineland

A

March 1936

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54
Q

Abyssinia Crisis

A

October 1935

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55
Q

Anschluss between Germany and Austria

A

March 1938

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56
Q

Date subsidy made by government to allow negotiations with Mine Owners and TUC

A

July 1925 - April 1926

9 months

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57
Q

Cost of 9 month subsidy to Government in 1926

A

£19 million

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58
Q

Date government breaks of negotiations with TUC. General strike begins next day

A

2nd May 1926

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59
Q

Number of Miners on strike 1926

A

2 million

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60
Q

Circulation of British Gazette at peak (12th May 1926)

A

2.2 million

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61
Q

Date Churchill urges protection of supplies from miners and QUOTE

A

6th May 1926

“We are at war” (WSC 6th May)

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62
Q

Length of General Strike

A

9 days (3rd to 12th May 1926)

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63
Q

Content of Trade Disputes and Unions Act 1927

A

Makes strikes illegal and reduced trade union funding

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64
Q

Date of First Round Table Conference on India

A

November 1930

65
Q

Date of Second Round of Round Table Conference on India

A

September 1931

66
Q

Percentage of Indian Congress was made up of Hindus (Brahmins) in 1933

A

97%

67
Q

Date of Simon Note

A

September 1932

68
Q

Date and length of Gandhi’s first hunger strike

A

16th September 1932

6 days

69
Q

Number of Tory backbenchers in India Defence Committee 1931

A

50

70
Q

Date Churchill appeals on behalf of King to House of Commons about his abdication

A

7th December 1936

71
Q

Number of Votes in favour of Government of India Act 1936 (against Churchill)

A

386 for and 122 against. Churchill lost.

72
Q

Date of Bengal Famine

A

1943

73
Q

Number of people that died in the Bengal Famine

A

More than 3 million. Churchill blamed for deaths

74
Q

Number that could be killed by a German bombing raid - according to Churchill in 1934

A

30,000 to 40,000

75
Q

Percentage in National Poll that voted in favour of Churchill returning to Office May 1939

A

56%

76
Q

Amount put into Air Defences in 1934

A

£130,000 - “would not allow the necessary steps to be taken” according to Churchill

77
Q

Number of Airplane engines sold to German Government by GB Government in Feb 1934

A

118

78
Q

Date Churchill broadcasts on BBC warning of “most brutish Nazis” who “terrorises and tortures German population” to 1 million people

A

16th November 1934

79
Q

Date Churchill warns House of Commons that Germany can now make 100 planes monthly and army is now 500,000 men strong

A

November 1935

80
Q

Date Churchill organises commission of Conservative MPs to privately meet Baldwin, Chamberlain and Halifax to pressurise them over rearmament - they get nowhere

A

June 1936

81
Q

Date Churchill warns Commons after re-militarisation of the Rhineland that Austria will be next

A

July 1936

82
Q

Date Cabinet Member Kingsley Wood supports WSC’s view that GB’s air defences are weak

RAF vs Luftwaffe Planes

A

October 1938

RAF: 1606 planes (412 reserves). Luftwaffe: 3200 planes (2400 reserve)

83
Q

Date Commons starts to support Churchill’s views on rearmaments

A

5th October 1938

84
Q

MP who advises Chamberlain to reinstate WSC into Cabinet - 5th October 1938

A

Samuel Hoare

85
Q

Foreign Secretary that resigns and calls for WSC’s reinstation “if and when you can” on 5th October 1938

A

Anthony Eden

86
Q

Number of Conservative MPs that vote against the appeasement of Hitler on 5th October 1938

A

30

Including: Eden, Macmillan, Bracken, Duff Cooper

87
Q

Date 30 Conservatives led by Eden, Cooper and Churchill propose to set up an all-party government to avoid war and “worse than this, defeat” (Macmillan)

A

29th March 1939

88
Q

Date Chamberlain forced into action by Conservatives and guarantees Poland

A

31st March 1939

89
Q

Date Count von Krosigk tells 2 British diplomats that only Churchill can save Britain. He is “the only man Hitler is afraid of”.

A

5th July 1939

90
Q

Date GB declares war on Germany

A

9am 3rd September 1939

91
Q

Date Churchill becomes PM and of his first Wartime meeting of Cabinet

A

10th May 1940

92
Q

Date of Nazi Invasion of France, Belgium, Luxembourg and Holland

A

10th May 1940

93
Q

Number of men in first wartime Cabinet

A

5

94
Q

Date that Narvik falls and is evacuated

A

Captured on: 28th May 1940.

Evacuated: 8th June. Nazis seize it on the same day

95
Q

Number of Destroyers lost at Narvik (28th May 1940)

A

7 British (1 French and 1 Polish)

96
Q

Number of German civilians killed in GB bombing raids

A

600,000

97
Q

Number of British civilians killed in the Blitz

A

60,000

98
Q

Number of French sailors killed at Mers-el-Kebir (destruction of French fleet) in June 1940

A

1297

99
Q

WSC approval rate July 1940

A

88%

100
Q

Number of GB troops saved at Dunkirk (by 4th June 1940)

A

224,000

101
Q

German men lost at Dunkirk

A

27,100

102
Q

Date of Operation Barbarossa

A

22nd June 1941

103
Q

Date of Wavell relieved of command in Middle East

A

June 1941

104
Q

Proportion of bombs that land within 5 miles of their target in Ruhr 1941

A

1/3

105
Q

Number of German codes cracked at Bletchley Park by mid-1942

A

3000 - 4000

Initiative of WSC

106
Q

Date Auchinleck is relieved of Middle East command. Offered Iraq and Persia, but declines

A

August 1942

107
Q

Date of first GB air attack on Hamburg

A

24th July 1943

108
Q

Date of Mediterranean Strategy (attack through Italy and Balkans). Supported by Alanbrooke.

A

1943

Hugely infuriates Americans

109
Q

Percentage of Hamburg buildings destroyed by August 1943

A

74%

110
Q

Area of Dresden city destroyed in February 1945

A

60%

111
Q

Numbers killed in Dresden raids

A

135,000

112
Q

Date Paris is liberated - WSC lets De Gaulle walk down the Champs D’Elysee first

A

11th November 1944

113
Q

Number of miles WSC travels to meet people by sea and air to discuss war efforts

A

110,000 miles

114
Q

Number of hours WSC spends travelling at sea November 1939 to November 1943

A

792 hours

115
Q

Number of letters sent by Churchill to Roosevelt during WW2

A

1100 letters (FDR sends 600)

116
Q

Number of Formal meetings between WSC and FDR

A

10 (7 in America)

117
Q

Date of Placentia Bay Conference

A

9th August 1941

118
Q

Atlantic Charter Signed

A

14th August 1941

119
Q

Date of first US troops arrival in UK

A

26th January 1942

120
Q

Date Marshall visits UK and proposes Marshall Memorandum - send xxx soldiers to UK

A

April 1942

500,000 soldiers

121
Q

Date of first sole US air attack in Europe (decided by FDR and WSC)

A

17th August 1942

122
Q

Percentages in Percentages Agreement for Bulgaria and Hungary

A

80% / 20% (in favour of Russia). Britain got Greek influence in return

123
Q

Date of first conference of the Big 3

A

Tehran - 28th November 1943

124
Q

Days of Leningrad Seige

Date relieved by Allied forces

A

900 days

January 1944

125
Q

Date of Operation Overlord (D-Day landings)

A

6th June 1944

126
Q

Date of FDR death. Truman takes over for last of European war. Doesn’t get on well with Churchill

A

12th April 1944

127
Q

Percentage lead for Labour pre-election (Feb 1945)

A

18%

128
Q

Percentage approval for WSC as GB leader in May 1945

A

83%

129
Q

Percentage of GB public that state that housing is most important issue in election (May 1945)

A

41%

130
Q

Date of WSC Gestapo speech

A

4th June 1945

131
Q

Amount spent by Conservatives in 1945

A

£3000 (they had spent £350,000 in May 1935)

132
Q

Labour gain in seats 1945

A

239 seats

133
Q

Conservative drop in seats 1945

A

219 seats

134
Q

Date of Polling Day 1945

A

5th July 1945

135
Q

Date that results of 1945 election are revealed

A

26th July 1945 (Churchill had been away at Potsdam for 3 weeks)

136
Q

Money lost by WSC in Wall Street Crash 29th October 1929

A

£10,000

137
Q

Fee paid by Daily Telegraph for WSC’s War Memoirs in 1936

A

£555,000

138
Q

December 1945 - WSC in opposition and coins what phrase?

A

“Set the people free” - Anti-Labour

139
Q

Churchill begins second term as PM

A

1951

140
Q

Churchill buys Chartwell for £x

A

September 1922 for £5000

141
Q

Japanese sign surrender statement - WW2 officially over

A

2nd September 1945

142
Q

Republican oppostion to WSC in Irish Negotiations 1921-1922

A

Eamon De Valera

143
Q

Length Churchill was in “the Wilderness”

A

10 years

144
Q

Name of political imperialist committee that wanted to prevent loss of India. Number of Tories in it?

A

Indian Defence Committee

50 Tory backbenchers

145
Q

Other Conservatives in war cabinet?

A

Eden, Beaverbrook

146
Q

Phoney War?

A

Period of no fighting from 3 September 1939 till April 1940

147
Q

Why Norway and Narvik?

A

Norway was the transport centre for Swedish Iron Ore that the Germans wanted

148
Q

Three Generals that WSC removes as PM

A

Dill, Wavell, Auchinleck

149
Q

Labour member of WSC War Cabinet

A

Attlee

150
Q

Massacre ignored by WSC to keep Stalin onside

A

Katyn Massacre

151
Q

When America becomes the senior partner in the relationship

A

May 1943

152
Q

Reasons that Stalin and WSC disagree at Yalta February 1945

A

The Post-war division of Germany, Berlin and Europe

153
Q

Decided in Percentages agreement (“naughty document”)?

A

Division of Eastern Europe between the USSR and GB and the dominance of GB in Greece

154
Q

Name of US Chief of Staff that Alanbrooke called “a great man… but not a strategist” and challenged the Mediterranean strategy in favour of Overlord?

A

George Marshall

155
Q

Date of ARCADIA

A

December 1941 - January 1942 (link to first US troops arriving in UK)

156
Q

Date TRIDENT

A

May 1943 - balance of power shifts to USA, been “led down the garden path” and set date for Overlord on 6th June 1944

157
Q

Votes for the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1922

A

Passed by 302-60. Churchill gives a big speech on it and calls for peace and the promise to be fair on Northern Ireland

158
Q

Churchill Quote on Hitler invading Russia

A

“If Hitler invaded hell I would at least make a favourable reference to the devil in the House of Commons”

To his secretary John Colville on the evening of Operation Barbarossa (21st June 1941)

AS History Churchill (2 decks)

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