influential planners

Question 1

Alfred Bettmen

Answer 1

attorney in Euclid v Ambler. first president of American Society of Planning Officials (1934). helped established local planning commissions in Ohio. Cincinnati Plan 1925

Question 2

Daniel Burnham

Answer 2

Father of City Planning. 1909 Plan for Chicago. Planned the 1893 World Exp/ aka the White City which inspired the City Beautiful movement.

Question 3

Paul Davidoff

Answer 3

Father of Advocacy planning. Also involved in the Mt Laurel Case requiring fair share of low income housing

Question 4

Patrick Geddes

Answer 4

Father of Regional Planning. Author of Cities in Evolution

Question 5

Ebenezer Howard

Answer 5

Garden Cities movement- Letchworth & Welwyn. In 1898 Published Tomorrow A Peaceful Path to Real Reform, republished as Garden Cities of Tomorrow in 1902

Question 6

Jane Jacobs

Answer 6

Wrote the Death and Life of Great American Cities. advocated for mixed uses, short blocks, pedestrian scale design, safety thru eyes on the street

Question 7

Pierre L’Enfant

Answer 7

Designed plan for Washington DC

Question 8

Kevin Lynch

Answer 8

Author of Image of the City

defined basic concepts within a city- paths, edges, nodes, districts

Question 9

Ian McHarg

Answer 9

Father of Modern Ecology. Wrote Design With Nature. Father of GIS- layered techniques of mapping

Question 10

Robert Moses

Answer 10

Shaped NY region with more than 400mi of parkways. blamed for displacing people and neighborhoods with highway projects in Manhattan

Question 11

Lewis Mumford

Answer 11

prolific author in urban planning field- The Culture of Cities. Member of Regional Planning Association of America- Sunnyside Gardens, NY & Radburn, NJ.
Worked with Clarence Stein

Question 12

Frederick Law Olmsted Sr

Answer 12

Co-designer of Central Park in NY. Designed Riverside, IL

Question 13

Frederick Law Olmsted Jr

Answer 13

First President of American City Planning Institute.

Question 14

Clarence Perry

Answer 14

Neighborhood Unit Concept. Codified Unwin’s design of neighborhood. Author of the Regional Survey of NY and its Environs 1929

Question 15

George Pullman

Answer 15

Railroad tycoon and invented the pullman railroad car. Pullman, IL was the first company town

Question 16

Jacob Riis

Answer 16

Author of How the Other Half lives, exposing the terrible living conditions of the urban poor

Question 17

Clarence Stein

Answer 17

Co-designer of Radburn, NJ Member of the Regional Plan Association of America, Chaired NY Commission of Housing.

Question 18

Catherine Wurster

Answer 18

Housing advocate- called herself a houser. she was committed to raising the quality of urban life through improving shelter for low income people. Played a major role in the US Housing Act of 1937

Question 19

Saul Alinsky

Answer 19

Author of Rule for Radicals. Community organizer.

Question 20

Shelly Arnstein

Answer 20

Ladder of Participation- 3 levels: non-participation, tokenism, citizen power

Question 21

Harland Bartholomew

Answer 21

first full time municipal planner (st louis 1913), developed early comprehensive plans

Question 22

Edward Bassett

Answer 22

Author of 1916 New York City zoning code- father of zoning

Question 23

Edward Bennett

Answer 23

Plan for San Francisco 1904

worked with Daniel Burnham on 1909 plan of Chicago

Question 24

Ernest Burgess

Answer 24

Concentric Zone Model- urban areas grow in a series of concentric rings outward from the CBD

Question 25

F. Stuart Chapin

Answer 25

Wrote Urban Land Use Planning 1957- common textbook on land use planning

Question 26

Peter Drucker

Answer 26

created management by objectives (MBO)- a management process whereby superior and subordinate jointly identify their common goals, define each individuals major areas of responsibility in terms of the results expected of him, and use these measures as guides

Question 27

Amitai Etziono

Answer 27

Author of Spirit of the Community, founder of the communitarian movement

Question 28

John Friedman

Answer 28

Transactive Planning 1973. face to face contract instead of anonymous target community of beneficiaries; decentralized planning, people take increasing control over the social processes that govern their welfare

Question 29

Joel Garreau

Answer 29

Wrote Edge City 1991. Edge City has at least 5 million square feet of office, 600k square feet of retail, and more jobs than bedrooms

Question 30

Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman

Answer 30

Multiple Nuclei Theory (1945): urban areas grow around a number of separate nuclei, which are specialized and differentiated. outside the CBD, there are smaller nodes of economic activity which then acts as a growth point.

Question 31

Homer Hoyt

Answer 31

Sector Theory- urban areas develop in sectors along communication and transportation routes

Question 32

TJ Kent

Answer 32

Author of Urban General Plan- classic text book on history, purpose, scope, clients and use of comprehensive plans

Question 33

Norman Krumholz

Answer 33

father of equity planning. Cleveland planning director 1969-1979

Question 34

John Logan & Harvey Molotch

Answer 34

City as a Growth Machine Theory- urban development is directed by elite members of community who control resources and who must benefit from development

Question 35

George Perkins Marsh

Answer 35

Author of Man and Nature 1864- explored the destructive impact of human action on environment and inspired the conservation movement

Question 36

Gifford Pinchot

Answer 36

America's first professionally trained forester, first director of the US forest Service 1905

Question 37

James Rouse

Answer 37

Design for Columbia, MD; indoor shopping malls and festival marketplaces (Inner Harbor)

Question 38

Charles Abrams

Answer 38

urban planner & housing expert, created the NYC Housing & Development Administration. Opposed Robert Moses

Question 39

Walter Christaller

Answer 39

Central Place Theory 1933- attempts to explain the size and distribution of cities visualized as a pattern of hexagons and networks

Question 40

Jean Gottmann

Answer 40

authored Megalopolis 1961 where he described northeast US from Boston to DC as one metropolitan area

Question 41

William Whyte

Answer 41

studied behavior of people in urban places- this work led to the "Street life project" which looked at pedestrians and city dynamics. The Project for Public Places is based on this work.