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AICP Exam Study 2021 > influential planners > Flashcards

influential planners Flashcards

1
Q

Alfred Bettmen

A

attorney in Euclid v Ambler. first president of American Society of Planning Officials (1934). helped established local planning commissions in Ohio. Cincinnati Plan 1925

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2
Q

Daniel Burnham

A

Father of City Planning. 1909 Plan for Chicago. Planned the 1893 World Exp/ aka the White City which inspired the City Beautiful movement.

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3
Q

Paul Davidoff

A

Father of Advocacy planning. Also involved in the Mt Laurel Case requiring fair share of low income housing

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4
Q

Patrick Geddes

A

Father of Regional Planning. Author of Cities in Evolution

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5
Q

Ebenezer Howard

A

Garden Cities movement- Letchworth & Welwyn. In 1898 Published Tomorrow A Peaceful Path to Real Reform, republished as Garden Cities of Tomorrow in 1902

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6
Q

Jane Jacobs

A

Wrote the Death and Life of Great American Cities. advocated for mixed uses, short blocks, pedestrian scale design, safety thru eyes on the street

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7
Q

Pierre L’Enfant

A

Designed plan for Washington DC

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8
Q

Kevin Lynch

A

Author of Image of the City

defined basic concepts within a city- paths, edges, nodes, districts

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9
Q

Ian McHarg

A

Father of Modern Ecology. Wrote Design With Nature. Father of GIS- layered techniques of mapping

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10
Q

Robert Moses

A

Shaped NY region with more than 400mi of parkways. blamed for displacing people and neighborhoods with highway projects in Manhattan

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11
Q

Lewis Mumford

A

prolific author in urban planning field- The Culture of Cities. Member of Regional Planning Association of America- Sunnyside Gardens, NY & Radburn, NJ.
Worked with Clarence Stein

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12
Q

Frederick Law Olmsted Sr

A

Co-designer of Central Park in NY. Designed Riverside, IL

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13
Q

Frederick Law Olmsted Jr

A

First President of American City Planning Institute.

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14
Q

Clarence Perry

A

Neighborhood Unit Concept. Codified Unwin’s design of neighborhood. Author of the Regional Survey of NY and its Environs 1929

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15
Q

George Pullman

A

Railroad tycoon and invented the pullman railroad car. Pullman, IL was the first company town

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16
Q

Jacob Riis

A

Author of How the Other Half lives, exposing the terrible living conditions of the urban poor

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17
Q

Clarence Stein

A

Co-designer of Radburn, NJ Member of the Regional Plan Association of America, Chaired NY Commission of Housing.

18
Q

Catherine Wurster

A

Housing advocate- called herself a houser. she was committed to raising the quality of urban life through improving shelter for low income people. Played a major role in the US Housing Act of 1937

19
Q

Saul Alinsky

A

Author of Rule for Radicals. Community organizer.

20
Q

Shelly Arnstein

A

Ladder of Participation- 3 levels: non-participation, tokenism, citizen power

21
Q

Harland Bartholomew

A

first full time municipal planner (st louis 1913), developed early comprehensive plans

22
Q

Edward Bassett

A

Author of 1916 New York City zoning code- father of zoning

23
Q

Edward Bennett

A

Plan for San Francisco 1904

worked with Daniel Burnham on 1909 plan of Chicago

24
Q

Ernest Burgess

A

Concentric Zone Model- urban areas grow in a series of concentric rings outward from the CBD

25
Q

F. Stuart Chapin

A

Wrote Urban Land Use Planning 1957- common textbook on land use planning

26
Q

Peter Drucker

A

created management by objectives (MBO)- a management process whereby superior and subordinate jointly identify their common goals, define each individuals major areas of responsibility in terms of the results expected of him, and use these measures as guides

27
Q

Amitai Etziono

A

Author of Spirit of the Community, founder of the communitarian movement

28
Q

John Friedman

A

Transactive Planning 1973. face to face contract instead of anonymous target community of beneficiaries; decentralized planning, people take increasing control over the social processes that govern their welfare

29
Q

Joel Garreau

A

Wrote Edge City 1991. Edge City has at least 5 million square feet of office, 600k square feet of retail, and more jobs than bedrooms

30
Q

Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman

A

Multiple Nuclei Theory (1945): urban areas grow around a number of separate nuclei, which are specialized and differentiated. outside the CBD, there are smaller nodes of economic activity which then acts as a growth point.

31
Q

Homer Hoyt

A

Sector Theory- urban areas develop in sectors along communication and transportation routes

32
Q

TJ Kent

A

Author of Urban General Plan- classic text book on history, purpose, scope, clients and use of comprehensive plans

33
Q

Norman Krumholz

A

father of equity planning. Cleveland planning director 1969-1979

34
Q

John Logan & Harvey Molotch

A

City as a Growth Machine Theory- urban development is directed by elite members of community who control resources and who must benefit from development

35
Q

George Perkins Marsh

A

Author of Man and Nature 1864- explored the destructive impact of human action on environment and inspired the conservation movement

36
Q

Gifford Pinchot

A

America’s first professionally trained forester, first director of the US forest Service 1905

37
Q

James Rouse

A

Design for Columbia, MD; indoor shopping malls and festival marketplaces (Inner Harbor)

38
Q

Charles Abrams

A

urban planner & housing expert, created the NYC Housing & Development Administration. Opposed Robert Moses

39
Q

Walter Christaller

A

Central Place Theory 1933- attempts to explain the size and distribution of cities visualized as a pattern of hexagons and networks

40
Q

Jean Gottmann

A

authored Megalopolis 1961 where he described northeast US from Boston to DC as one metropolitan area

41
Q

William Whyte

A

studied behavior of people in urban places- this work led to the “Street life project” which looked at pedestrians and city dynamics. The Project for Public Places is based on this work.

AICP Exam Study 2021 (5 decks)

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