Data Collection

Question 1

Sampling Frame

Answer 1

population of interest

Question 2

Cross-Sectional Survey

Answer 2

gathers information about a population at a single point in time

Question 3

longitudinal survey

Answer 3

survey over over a period of time.

Ex: satisfaction survey completed every few years

Question 4

Types of Surveys

Answer 4

Written
Group-administered
Drop-off
Oral
Phone
Online

Question 5

Written Survey

Answer 5

Mailed, printed in a newspaper, or administered in a group setting to obtain information from a broad audience. Advantages: low cost, respondents can complete at their own leisure. Disadvantages: low response rate, participants must be able to read and write

Question 6

Group- Administered Survey

Answer 6

Specific population to target. Advantages: high & quick response rate. Disadvantages: must get everyone together at one time to complete, small sample size. Ex: End of class survey

Question 7

Drop-off Survey

Answer 7

Survey dropped off at a residence or business. Advantages: Participants free to respond at their leisure, higher response rate because of contact at drop-off. Disadvantages: expensive because of time to distribute survey & smaller sample size.

Question 8

Oral Survey

Answer 8

Administered on phone or in person orally

Question 9

Phone Survey

Answer 9

Ask survey questions over the phone. Usually yes/no questions. If a live person administering the survey, the interviewer can ask follow up questions. Advantages: ability to ask follow up questions. Disadvantages: response rate unpredictable, can be more expensive than mail or internet, bias can be introduced because of interaction with interviewer.

Question 10

Online Survey

Answer 10

Popular survey method conducted via email, website or text message. Advantages: quick response, inexpensive. Disadvantages: can introduce bias because leaves out people who do not have internet.

Question 11

Survey design considerations

Answer 11

Short, clear \, easy to answer questions
Each question contains 1 issue
Avoid negatives
Avoid biased items and terms
Consistent response method - consistent scale or yes/no answers
Sequence questions from general to specific
Define unique or unusual terms

Question 12

Sample Design

Answer 12

Should represent the population about which information is being gathered

Question 13

Probability sampling

Answer 13

Direct mathematical relation between sample and population from which precise conclusions can be drawn

Question 14

Random sampling

Answer 14

Everyone has a chance of being selected to participate in the survey

Question 15

Stratified sampling

Answer 15

Population divided into separate groups or classes from which a sample is drawn such that the classes in the population are represented by the classes in the sample. Ex: electoral surveys

Question 16

Cluster sampling

Answer 16

A special form of stratified sampling, where a specific group is targeted out of the general population. Ex: elderly or residents of a specific neighborhood

Question 17

Non-probability sampling

Answer 17

No precise connection between the sample and the population, thus results should be interpreted with caution since they are not necessarily representative of the population.

Question 18

Convenience Sampling

Answer 18

A survey of readily available individuals able to participate

Question 19

Snowball Sampling

Answer 19

An interviewed person suggest other potential interviewees.

Question 20

Volunteer sampling

Answer 20

Self-selected participants in a survey

Question 21

non sampling error

Answer 21

relates to things that can happen that create unreliable data. ex: respondents misinterpreting the intention of a term in a question.

Question 22

Top 5 Household Surveys for the Census Bureau

Answer 22

1. American Community Survey (ACS)
2. American Housing Survey
3. Current Population Survey
4. National Crime Victim Survey
5. National Health Review Survey

Question 23

Audience Response System (ARS)

Answer 23

Polling software used in conjunction with a slide presentation. Provides instant, accurate feedback from the audience. The answers are anonymous.