Influencial persons in garden landscape architecture

Question 1

Frederick Law Olmsted & Vaux

Answer 1

They created the Greensward plan, which is characterized by a pastoral, picturesque landscape design. The landscape has rolling contours and ponds. They both believed that parks in cities would act as a civilizing force in society. They want to create rural scenery!

Question 2

Kent and Bridgeman

Answer 2

Kent was a theater and set designer, who thought scenically. Bridgman on the other hand possessed the technical and horticultural knowledge that Kent lacked.

Question 3

Sixtus V.

Answer 3

Sixtus V was a visionary leader. Rome was then becoming a touristic attraction in the late 16th century. Domenico Fontana made long arrow streets wide enough for carriages and pedestrians on seperate roads.

Question 4

Thomas Church

Answer 4

He created traditional-style gardens, aesthetically pleasing and satisfying. Patterns ans textures of his pavings unite hard and soft surfaces.

Question 5

Humphrey Repton

Answer 5

He loved to demonstrate to clients the before and after effects. He had a more democratic and all-encompassing view of landscape. Landscape design was for him social responsibility. Humphrey formulated three principles: Unity, Harmony, Variety.

Question 6

Descartes

Answer 6

He believed that through human intellect one could master and guide nature to its own will. The principle of Resextensa, wide finite extension of the universe.

Question 7

Goethe

Answer 7

Goethe was part of the literary movement Storm $ Stress. A Volksgarten was intended as place where everyone were. He sought a middle way between classicism and romanticism.

Question 8

Downing

Answer 8

He educated people to a sentimental equality in their appreciation and enjoyment of beauty. Started citizen initiatives. He changed the picturesque of Loudon & Repton into US idiom.

Question 9

John Claudius Loudon

Answer 9

He thought as a metropolitan planner and believed that utilitarian engineering were a much nobler monuments. He also acknowledge landscape as nature, art and science. He was a scientific farmer and educator.

Question 10

John Locke

Answer 10

John believed that the mind is an instrument for inductive seasoning and personal experience. The garden is a place for reflection and contemplation, a painterly and poetic nature.

Question 11

Ian McHarg

Answer 11

Earth is source of life: natural ecosystems, vertical relations and level of density. This formed the basis for his layer approach to analyze the landscape.

Question 12

Haussmann

Answer 12

Haussmann was the chief urban planner of paris. His big overhaul enabled trucks and trains to come and go to conduct trade. He maked the city efficient and agreeable by the middle class. Tall windows open to the street should connect the space. His first goal was to establish movement in and around through through architectural space.

Question 13

Olmsted-Vaux landscape

Answer 13

things that defines this type of landscape are: spacious meadows with gentle rises and scattered clumps of trees arranged about its periphery, to create the illusion of rural scenery.

Question 14

William Wordsworth

Answer 14

He embraced the romantic movement. Simplicity, the purity of response and the innocent wonder of childhood is important. Feeling is all. Genius Loci.

Question 15

King Louis XIV

Answer 15

true authoritarian order. Versailles was his home with a lot of dance, music and theater. new dignity and status. the symbol of the glory of monarchy.

Question 16

Capability Brown

Answer 16

Brown used linearity of ground plane edges combined with rounded topographic modeling. loved to remove all obstacles and made gaps in his screens of foliage. His routes are not thematic.

Question 17

Le Notre

Answer 17

was educated in cartesian rationality of geometry, perspective and optics. Created Versailles world embracing landscape.

Question 18

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 18

He was the most informed and original practioneer of the picturesque in the 18th century in the US. believed in enlightment.

Question 19

Alexander Pope

Answer 19

popular poet for the way he described landscape and their designs. he is responsible for turning English garden design in a different direction.

Question 20

Steele

Answer 20

He created privacy gardens for the middle class. Liked the beaux-arts and was the foremost modernist in America. he was shaping space.

Question 21

Rousseau

Answer 21

His belief transferred the landscape design from literary & political into patriotic and personal. The picturesque was the appropriate design idion for 19th century cementaries.

Question 22

John Ruskin

Answer 22

He was a principal spokesman who denied the beneficence of Victorian industrial progress. He articulated fundamental principles of the arts & craft movement. He was also a strong proponent of medievalism.

Question 23

Ebenezer Howard

Answer 23

He made a diagrammatical model for the Garden City. Layout for new towns which are part of an interconnected network of population centers.