Influence of inflammatory periodontal diseases on aesthetics

Question 1

The aesthetic oral unit

Answer 1

Three components of oral aesthetics:

• the teeth
• the gingiva
• the lipline

Question 2

The aesthetic oral unit: the gingiva

Answer 2

Colour
-should match pt's skin tone
Form/shape
-should blend in with shape of teeth
Position
Symmetry
Relationship to upper lip

Question 3

Aesthetic gingival form

Answer 3

 Knife edged margins
 Smooth transition from
gingiva to tooth
 Fill embrasures
 Light stippling
 Horizontal and vertical symmetry
-lateral incisors 1.5mm below gingival level of central incisors and canines

Question 4

Influence of Inflammatory Periodontal

Diseases on Aesthetics

Answer 4

Inflammation
-erythema
-swelling
-fibrosis
Recession
-localised or generalised
Tooth movement

Question 5

Influence of Periodontal Treatment on

Aesthetics: helpful effects

Answer 5

• Reduction of erythema
• Reduction in swelling
• Improvement in contour

Question 6

Influence of Periodontal Treatment on

Aesthetics: unhelpful effects

Answer 6

• Recession
• Poor contour
*may follow non-surgical or surgical periodontal treatment

Question 7

The gingival veneer

Answer 7

 Useful when periodontal disease or therapy
have caused generalised tissue loss in the
anterior area
 Only indicated if maintenance is good
 Contraindicated if there is a high caries risk

Question 8

Periodontal plastic surgery procedures by problem

Answer 8

High frenum - frenectomy
Gingival recession - gingival grafting
Delayed gingival maturation - crown lengthening
Unaesthetic (irregular) gingival margin - ?
Subgingival restorative margins - ?
Ridge collapse (treatment and prevention) - grafting (fortoss perma)
Gingival discolouration - grafting/ excision

Question 9

Preoperative assessment

Answer 9

 Initial non-surgical management
 Radiographic and clinical examination
 Patient factors
 Consent
(purpose/ limitations/ complications/ 
outcomes)

Question 10

Management of excessive gingival height (delayed gingival maturation / drug induced
gingival enlargement)

Answer 10

Gingivectomy
Excisional flap
-without osseous surgery
-with osseous surgery

Question 11

Aesthetic surgery - crown lengthening

Answer 11

Need to keep 1.5mm above bone??? But can recontour bone

To treat vertical and horizontal asymmetries