Influence of Biosychosocial factors on visual perception

Question 1

photoreceptors definition

Answer 1

the sensory receptors of the eye, which receive light and convert this sensory information into a form that can be sent to the brain.

Question 2

types of photo receptors

Answer 2

rods: photoreceptors that allow someone to see in a low level of light
cones: photoreceptors that allow someone to see colour and fine detail in well- lit conditions

Question 3

Biological features affecting visual perception

Answer 3

• genetics
• injury
• age
• other biological reasons

Question 4

depth perception definition

Answer 4

the ability to judge distances and see the world in three dimensions

Question 5

monocular depth cues defenition

Answer 5

require only one eyes to send information to the brain to perceive depth
( including accomodation, motion parallax, picotiral depth cues)

Question 6

monocular depth cues - accommodation

Answer 6

our lense bulging and flattening according to how far away an object is

Question 7

monocular depth cues- motion parallax

Answer 7

our perception of movement to help us gage how far away things are

Question 8

monocular depth cues- pictorial

Answer 8

relative size, heights in visual feild, linear perspective, interposition ( overlap ), texture gradient

Question 9

Binocular Depth cues - definition

Answer 9

require both eyes to send information to the Brian to perceive depth
( including convergence and retinal disparity )

Question 10

bioncular depth cues- convergence

Answer 10

the inward turning of the eyes, which is detected by the brain as tension changes in the muscle surrounding the eye. the further away an object, the less inward turning of the eye vise versa.

Question 11

bioncular depth cues- retinal disparity

Answer 11

the brain detecting similarity and differences between the information being sent from each eye, due to the pupils of our eye being 6-7 cm apart.

Question 12

psychological factors that affect visual perception

Answer 12

• perceptual set ( past experience, motivations, memory, context )
• gesalt principles
• visual constancies

Question 13

perceptual set - past experience

Answer 13

informing our ideas and expectations about the world ( top- down ).
shape which stimuli appear to be the most salient ( bottom - up )

Question 14

perceptual set- motivation

Answer 14

influences by individuals desire, we will perceive certain stimuli that align with our goals or more salient. the stimuli that becomes salient will be directed by our past experience and expectations ( top- down )

Question 15

visual constancies definition

Answer 15

our ability to perceive visual objects as staying the same, even though they may appear to change or do change in our sensation.

Question 16

visual constancies- shape

Answer 16

helps us to realise that the shape has not change we are just perceiving something from a different angle

Question 17

visual constancies- size

Answer 17

allows us to perceive something as remaining their realistic size rather than shrinking

Question 18

visual constancies- brightness

Answer 18

if you are walking at night despite the colours looking darker, you know they havent changed.

Question 19

three visual constancies

Answer 19

• shape
• size
• brightness

Question 20

perceptual set - context

Answer 20

the situation or conditions in which sometimes occurs, when discussing in relation to visual perception, it is location and circumstances in which the visual stimuli are being processed.

Question 21

Gestalt principles definition

Answer 21

a particular set of visual perception principles
( figure - ground, closure, similarity, proximity )

Question 22

gestalt principles- figure ground

Answer 22

describes the tendency to perceive part of a visual stimulus as more relevant ( the figure ) as standing out against it less relevant surroundings ( the ground )

Question 23

gestalt principles - closure

Answer 23

our ability to close up, fill in, or ignore gaps in visual stimuli and perceive objects as a meaningful whole, helping us to perceive incomplete stimuli

Question 24

gestalt principles- similarity

Answer 24

the tendency to group together as a whole stimuli that are alike in size, shape, or color.

Question 25

gestalt principles- proximity

Answer 25

the tendency to perceive the parts of a visual stimulus that are close together, rather than spaced apart, as belonging to a group.

Question 26

social factors - culture

Answer 26

the many characteristics of a group of people, including their attitudes, behaviors, customs, and values that are transmitted from one generation to the next.