Inflammatory Conditions Flashcards
You are examining a patient who presents with an erythematous breast with purulent nipple discharge, She mentions that she is a new mother. What is this associated with? What causes it? How will you treat?
Acute mastitis which is a bacterial infection of the breast usually due to Staphylococcus aureus. Associated with breast feeding. Fissures develop in the nipple providing a route of entry for microbes. Treatment invovles continued drainage and antibiotics (dicloxacillin)
A 32 year old woman presents with a subareolar mass. On examination her nipple appears retracted. She also has a smoking history of 4 years. What could be causing her presentation? What deficiency is causing this and how how does it create the problem?
This is periductal mastitis which is inflammation of the subareolar ducts usually seen in smokers. Relative vitamin A deficiency results in squamous metaplasia of laciferours ducts, producing duct blockage and inflammation.
A 69 year old woman presents with a green-brown nipple discharge. She is her with her five children. What does she have? What is seen on biopsy?
Mammary duct ectasia which is inflammation with dilation (ectasia) of the subareolar ducts. Chronic inflammation with plasma cells is seen on biopsy.
A 69 year old woman presents with a green-brown nipple discharge. She is her with her five children. What does she have? What is seen on biopsy?
Mammary duct ectasia which is inflammation with dilation (ectasia) of the subareolar ducts. Chronic inflammation with plasma cells is seen on biopsy.
What usually causes fat necrosis? How does it present? What is seen on biopsy?
Trauma. Presents as a mass on physical exam or abnormal calcification on mamography due to saponification. Biopsy shows necrotic fat with associated calcifications and giant cells.
