Inflammatory Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

You are examining a patient who presents with an erythematous breast with purulent nipple discharge, She mentions that she is a new mother. What is this associated with? What causes it? How will you treat?

A

Acute mastitis which is a bacterial infection of the breast usually due to Staphylococcus aureus. Associated with breast feeding. Fissures develop in the nipple providing a route of entry for microbes. Treatment invovles continued drainage and antibiotics (dicloxacillin)

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2
Q

A 32 year old woman presents with a subareolar mass. On examination her nipple appears retracted. She also has a smoking history of 4 years. What could be causing her presentation? What deficiency is causing this and how how does it create the problem?

A

This is periductal mastitis which is inflammation of the subareolar ducts usually seen in smokers. Relative vitamin A deficiency results in squamous metaplasia of laciferours ducts, producing duct blockage and inflammation.

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3
Q

A 69 year old woman presents with a green-brown nipple discharge. She is her with her five children. What does she have? What is seen on biopsy?

A

Mammary duct ectasia which is inflammation with dilation (ectasia) of the subareolar ducts. Chronic inflammation with plasma cells is seen on biopsy.

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4
Q

A 69 year old woman presents with a green-brown nipple discharge. She is her with her five children. What does she have? What is seen on biopsy?

A

Mammary duct ectasia which is inflammation with dilation (ectasia) of the subareolar ducts. Chronic inflammation with plasma cells is seen on biopsy.

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5
Q

What usually causes fat necrosis? How does it present? What is seen on biopsy?

A

Trauma. Presents as a mass on physical exam or abnormal calcification on mamography due to saponification. Biopsy shows necrotic fat with associated calcifications and giant cells.

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