Inflammatory bowel disease Flashcards
1
Q
What are the clinical features of ulcerative colitis?
A
- abdo pain, mucoid and bloody diarrhoea, weight loss, lethargy, fever, dehydration, tenesmus.
2
Q
What are the clinical features of Crohn’s disease?
A
-severe abdo pain after eating, watery diarrhoea, weight loss, lethargy, fever, dehydration, maybe tenesmus.
3
Q
What are the gross features of ulcerative colitis?
A
- Colon only
- Rectum > Colon
- Continuous
- Involves mucosal wall
- Broad-based ulcers
- No mesentery involvement
- No fissures or fistulae
4
Q
What are the gross features of Crohn’s disease?
A
- Mouth to Anus
- Worst at terminal ileum
- ‘Skip lesions’ - patches of inflammation
- Transmural wall involvement
- Linear ulcers
- Thickened/fibrotic mesentery
- Causes fissures and fistulas
5
Q
What are the microscopic features of ulcerative colitis?
A
- Crypts are shortened/atrophic
- Crypt abscesses are present
- Villi not involved
- No granulomas
- Can see plasma and neutrophils.
6
Q
What are the microscopic features of Crohn’s disease?
A
- Crypts are shortened/atrophic.
- Crypt abscesses can be present but not always.
- Atrophic villi
- Granulomas present
- Neutrophils and lymphocytes are present.
7
Q
What is the underlying pathophysiology of IBD?
A
- Multifactorial
- Genetic factors
- Autoimmune/immune dysfunction
- Environmental factors - external and internal.
