Inflammation - Outcomes and Morphologic Processes

Question 1

What are the 3 possible outcomes to acute inflammation?

Answer 1

1. Complete Resolution
2. Healing by connective tissue replacement
3. Chronic inflammation

Question 2

Briefly describe each possible outcome of acute inflammation. (Complete Resolution)

Answer 2

Complete Resolution

i. Edema is resorbed into vessels and removed my pinocytosis by macrophages
ii. Vascularity returns to normal.
iii. Dead cells are removed.

Question 3

Briefly describe each possible outcome of acute inflammation. (Healing by CT replacement)

Answer 3

Healing by CT replacement (SCAR formation)
Occurs if there is:
1. substantial tissue destruction
2. tissues can’t regenerate
3. there is abundant fibrin exudate that cannot be cleared.

Question 4

Briefly describe each possible outcome of acute inflammation. (Chronic Inflammation)

Answer 4

the inflammation does not resolve, leading to further tissue damage

Question 5

What are the morphologic patterns of inflammation?

Answer 5

1. Serous inflammation
2. Fibrinous inflammation
3. Purulent Inflammation
4. Ulcers

Question 6

Describe SEROUS inflammation.

Answer 6

Thin, watery fluid

Question 7

Describe FIBRINOUS inflammation

Answer 7

Fibrinogen escapes vessels and becomes fibrin, which coats the structures of body cavities.

Question 8

Describe PURULENT inflammation.

Answer 8

1. Abscesses
2. Production of pus:
   a. degenerate neutrophils
   b. liquefactive necrosis
   c. edema

Question 9

Describe ULCERs.

Answer 9

Local defect or EXCAVATION of the surface of organ or tissue that is produced by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue.

Question 10

What are common locations of SEROUS inflammation?

Answer 10

Interstitial space or body cavities

Question 11

Define: EFFUSION

Answer 11

When exudation occurs into the body cavities.

Question 12

What is the characteristic feature of FIBRINOUS inflammation and where does this type of inflammation typically occur?

Answer 12

Accumulation of fibrin in the body cavities.

Question 13

What is the difference between FIBRINOUS and FIBROUS?

Answer 13

a. Fibrinous describes the deposition of fibrin, which is a product of fibrinogen from plasma.
b. Fibrous is proliferation of fibroblasts which leads to deposition of collagen and scar formation.

Question 14

What is the typical cause of purulent inflammation?

Answer 14

Pyogenic bacteria or neutrophils

Question 15

Define: ABSCESS

Answer 15

An encapsulated localized region of purulent inflammation, surrounding an offending agent.

Question 16

What are ulcers?

Answer 16

Ulcers are localized excavations of tissue caused by sloughing of the epithelial lining due to inflammation.

Question 17

Describe the locations that are commonly affected by ULCERs.

Answer 17

Occur in the skin, mucosa of GI tract, and genitourinary tract

Question 18

36. Be able to describe the major events that contribute to an acute inflammatory reaction.

Answer 18

a. Vasodilation
b. Leukocyte extravation (neutrophils)
c. Increased vascular permeability
d. Edema