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Principles of Medicine > Inflammation Glossary > Flashcards

Inflammation Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Phospholipases [L1]

A

Degrade phospholipids in the cell membrane

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2
Q

Cytochrome c [L1]

A

Leakage promotes apoptosis and in mitochondria aids in oxidative phosphorylation and energy production

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3
Q

ATPases [L1]

A

Hastens ATP depletion

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4
Q

Proteases [L1]

A

Breaks down membrane and cytoskeleton proteins

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5
Q

Endonucleases [L1]

A

DNA and chromatin fragmentation

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6
Q

Catalse, superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidase s [L1]

A

Enzymes which decrease injury caused by free radicals

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7
Q

p38 MAP kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase [L1]

A

Stress kinases, initiate signalling cascades that co-ordinate a cell’s response to damage

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8
Q

p53 [L1]

A

senses DNA damage and halts cell division or induces apoptosis

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9
Q

BMF [L1]

A

Response to damage to actin cytoskeleton

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10
Q

Bim [L1]

A

Response to microtubule damage

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11
Q

Bad [L1]

A

Response to inadequate stimulation by growth factors

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12
Q

Mitochondrial permeability transition [L1]

A

Formation of nonselective high-conductance channels remocing the transmembrane potential required for oxidative phosphorylation

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13
Q

Lipid Peroxidation [L1]

A

Attack of double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids in membranes

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14
Q

Glycation [L1]

A

Addition of sugar residues on proteins

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15
Q

Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway [L1]

A

Induces cellular protein destruction ]

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16
Q

Karyorrhexis [L1]

A

Fragmentation of chromatin [necrosis]

17
Q

Karyolysis [L1]

A

Fading of chromatin [necrosis]

18
Q

Pyknosis [L1]

A

Chromatin condensation [necrosis/apoptosis]

19
Q

Dystrophic calcification [L1]

A

Precipitation of calcium [necrosis]

20
Q

Caspases [L1]

A

Cascade of enzymes which mediate apoptosis

21
Q

Executioner caspases [L1]

A

Digest cellular proteins and activate other enzymes

22
Q

Hyperaemia [L1]

A

Increased blood flow to damaged tissue

23
Q

Exudation [L1]

A

Increased protein rich fluid from vessels of damaged tissues

24
Q

Dense fibrnoue exudate [L1]

A

Accumulation of fibrin on epithelial surfaces

25
Q

Stasis [L1]

A

Increased blood viscosity and slowed blood flow

26
Q

Margination [L1]

A

Leukocytes found near edge of blood flow

27
Q

Selectin [L1]

A

Slows the flow of neutrophils by binding to glycoprotein receptors on neutrophil surface

28
Q

Integrin [L1]

A

Binds to addressins causing neutrophils to adhere firmly

29
Q

Diapaedesis [L1]

A

Neutrophils move between endothelial cells into tissues

30
Q

Activation of neutrophils (4 molecules) [L1]

A

IL-1, TNF-alpha, chemokines endothelial cell surface molecules

31
Q

Pus [L1]

A

Dead neutrophils mixed with tissue debris and bacteria

Principles of Medicine (2 decks)

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