Inflammation - Forms

Question 1

Serous inflammation

Answer 1

1. Early stage of most inflammation
2. Characteristics:

Form of exudative inflammation: exudes (oozes) out of blood vessels and is deposited in nearby tissues

Classic signs of inflammation: heat, redness, swelling, pain and loss of function

Question 2

Fibrinous inflammation

Answer 2

Macrophages in the exudate stimulate formation of fibrous tissue

1. Characterized by an exudate rich in fibrin
2. Indication of relatively severe inflammation
3. Seen in many bacterial infections (i.e. strep throat, bacterial pneumonia)

Question 3

Purulent inflammation

Answer 3

Typically caused by pus forming bacteria (i.e. streptococci, staphylococci)

1. Inflammation resulting in large amount of pus
2. Purulent exudate rich in fibrin

Question 4

Abcess vs sinus vs fistula

Answer 4

1. Abscess: localized, Purulent inflammation surrounded by capsule
2. Sinus: forms tract connecting abscess with skin
   Allows for drainage of pus outside of body
3. Fistula (tube): forms tracts that connect two hollow organs or hollow organ with skin

Question 5

Ulcerative inflammation

Answer 5

Ulcer: local defect, necrosis over area of inflammation

Most commonly found on body surfaces or mucosa of hollow organs (i.e. stomach or intestines)

Question 6

Granulomatous inflammation

Answer 6

Form of chronic inflammation, typically not preceded by acute inflammation

Question 7

Granuloma

Answer 7

mass of granulation tissue, typically produced in response to infection that consist of:

1. Lymphocytes
2. Macrophages
3. Giant cells

Question 8

Most importnant cells in wound healing

Answer 8

1. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)
2. Macrophages
3. Myofibroblasts
4. Fibroblasts
5. Angioblasts

Question 9

Myofibroblasts

Answer 9

Contract like muscle cells and secret cell matrix

Hold edges of damaged tissue together

Question 10

Fibroblasts

Answer 10

Produce extracellular matrix and collagen

Question 11

Angioblasts

Answer 11

1. Proliferate from small blood vessels at edge of damaged tissue
2. Appear 2-3 days after injury
3. New blood vessels form by day 6
4. Provide route for scavenger cells to remove tissue debris and scabs
5. Allow oxygen and nutrients to flow to injured site

Question 12

Healing process

Answer 12

1. Blood clot forms and seals area
2. Inflammation develops
3. Phagocytes, monocytes and macrophages remove cellular debris
4. Granulation tissue grows into the gap

Question 13

Delayed primary healing

Answer 13

Wound is left open to allow for debridement and cleaning of contaminated tissue before closure is attempted

Question 14

Seconday intention (healing)

Answer 14

wounds are marked by large defect of tissue that contain foreign material or is infected

1. Healing is slower as epithelial cells proliferating from the wound margin take longer to cover the defect
2. Granulation tissue is more abundant and scaring is more likely