Inflammation and Tissue Repair Flashcards
Inflammation Phase
prepares wound for healing
Days 1-6
Proliferation Phase
rebuilds damaged structures and strengthens the wound
Days 3-20
Maturation Phase
Modifies the scar tissue into its mature form
Day 9 onward
Factors that affect the healing process
Local factors
External Forces
Systemic factors
What are the determinants of healing?
Regenerative capacity of the tissue, vascular supply, extent of damage
Cartilage
- Limited ability to heal
- Lacks lymphatics, blood vessels, and nerves
- Cartilaginous injuries that also involve subchondral bone allow inflammatory cells from bone to gain access to repair the injured cartilage
Tendons and Ligaments
- The potential for repair of these tissues depends on the type of tendon or ligament, extent of damage, vascular supply, and control of movement
- If healing occurs, tendons possess a unique scar maturation phase that can achieve an advances state of repair
- Ligaments heal better with controlled passive mobilization
Skeletal Muscle
- Can be injured by trauma, strain, or muscle diseases
- Healing can occur in some cases through stem cells that can proliferate and differentiate
- After severs contusions, a calcified hematoma (localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels) may develop- myositis ossificans ( formation of bone tissue inside muscle tissue after a traumatic injury to the area) is a rare complication
4 Stages of healing for bone: Inflammation
Inflammation (begins shortly after impact) - creates hematoma, disrupts blood supply, lowers pH
4 Stages of healing of bone: Soft Callus
Soft Callus (beings after swelling subsides) - stabilizes fracture, decreases pain, and reduces chance of fat embolism
4 States of healing of bone: Hard Callus
Hard Callus (3 weeks to 4 months)- Corresponds to clinical healing period
4 Stages of healing a bone: Bone remodeling
Bone remodeling (takes months to years)- Healed fibrous bone is converted to lamellar bone, and medullary canal becomes patent again
