Inflammation And NSAIDS

Question 1

Name 3 mediators of inflammation?

Answer 1

Histamine, Bradykinin and Cytokines, Serotonin

Question 2

What is inflammation?

Answer 2

Immune response to injuries/noxious stimuli. It minimises further damage/infection and prostacyclin are mediators.

Question 3

How is pain felt during an immune response?

Answer 3

Inflammatory mediators increase sensitivity of nociceptors. Prostaglandins E2 and I2 cause peripheral sensitization by decreasing threshold to stimulation of nociceptors

Question 4

How is fever experienced?

Answer 4

2nd phase induces COX-2 to form PGE2, which crosses BBB and triggers hypothalamus to increase body temp. by decreasing heat loss and increasing heat generation

Question 5

What is the MOA of NSAIDS?

Answer 5

COX-1 enzymes: Haemostasis, cyto-protection of the gastric epithelium, forms TxA2 in the platelets
COX-2: Promotes inflammation, produces fever, pain perception and inhibits platelets

NSAIDS work to selectively or non-selectively block these enzymes

Question 6

Name 4 therapeutic uses of NSAIDS?

Answer 6

Inflammation, Pain, Cardio protection, Foetal circulatory system, Cancer chemopreventiom

Question 7

What are some shared side effects of NSAIDs?

Answer 7

GIT effects, Cardiovascular effects and blood pressure, renal perfusion decreases, can induce contractions in pregnancy, Hypersensitivity reactions

Question 8

What are some drug interactions of NSAIDs?

Answer 8

Oral anticoagulants, Aspirin, Lithium (increased conc.) Methotrexate, Probenecid

Question 9

Name some common NSAIDs

Answer 9

Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Ibuprofen (400mg 8hry), Naproxen, Mefenamic acid, Coxibs (selective for COX-2)