Inflammation and immunity

Question 1

immunity

Answer 1

The ability of the body to defend itself against infectious agents, foreign cells, and abnormal body cells

Question 2

NON specific defenses

Answer 2

Innate Immunity: physical or chemical barriers, phagocytosis, natural killer cells, fever, interferon, inflammation

Question 3

Specific Defenses

Answer 3

Acquired Immunity: disease-causing agents called antigens stimulate the immune response.

Question 4

Under Specific defenses:

“Cellular/cell-mediated”

Answer 4

involves the action of T cells (these defense cells are cytotoxic) that physically attack and destroy pathogenic cells

Question 5

Under Specific defenses:

“humoral”

Answer 5

: refers to the action of B lymphocytes (respond by producing an antibody)

Question 6

Natural Immunity:

Answer 6

occurs without outside intervention

Question 7

Under natural immunity;

“Natural ACTIVE immunity”

Answer 7

-individual’s body works to produce an immune response

Question 8

under natural immunity:

“Natural PASSIVE immunity”

Answer 8

-the immune response is generated in another person

Question 9

Artificial Immunity

Answer 9

occurs as a result of clinical intervention

Question 10

Under artificial immunity:

“Artificial PASSIVE immunity

Answer 10

results when a person receives protective substances produced by another human or animal.

Question 11

Under artificial immunity:

“Artificial ACTIVE immunity

Answer 11

results following direct exposure to a pathogenic agent

Question 12

• Immunizations or vaccinations are…

Answer 12

special types of artificial active acquired immunity.

Question 13

Inflammation

Answer 13

• non-specific local response to tissue injury (redness, swelling, heat, pain)

Question 14

inflammation markers

Answer 14

o C reactive protein increases

o ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate increases

Question 15

Functions of the Lymphatic System

Answer 15

o Collects excess tissue fluid throughout the body and returns it to the circulatory system, purifying it as it passes through the system (lymph is the fluid within the lymphatic vessels; lymph is composed of water, WBC, nutrients, hormones, salts, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and urea)
o Assists the circulatory system in transporting substances throughout the body
o Serves against the invasion of pathogens
o Lymph vessels around the small intestines pick up absorbed fats for transport.

Question 16

under • Functions of the Lymphatic System…

“ thymus gland”

Answer 16

• Located in the upper portion of the mediastinum
• Essential for the proper development of the immune system
• Assists the body with the immune function and the development of antibodies
• The hormone thymosin changes lymphocytes to T lymphocytes (simply called T cells)
• Is active in the unborn fetus and throughout childhood until adolescence, when it begins to shrink in size