Inflammation And Healing Flashcards
What are interferons
Interferons are Non-specific agents that protect unidentified cells against viruses
Define hyperemia
Increased blood flow to a particular area
What chemical mediators do mast cells and basophils release in response to tissue injury
Histamine
Serotonin
Prostaglastins
Leukocytes
What are the local effects of inflammation
Redness Warmth Swelling or edema Pain Loss of function Exudate Abscess
What are the systemic effects of inflammation
Fever Malaise (feeling unwell) Fatigue Headaches Anorexia Pyrexia
Name the three types of exudate
Serous (watery)
Fibrinous (thick and sticky)
Purulent (yellow, thick, cheesy)
Define Granuloma
A small mass of cells with a necrotic center and covered by connective tissue.
May develop around a foreign object e.g. splinter
What pneumonic can be used when treating inflammation in the first aid setting
RICE
R- rest
I- Ice
C- compression
E- elevation
What is resolution healing
Occurs in minimal tissue damage. Damaged cells recover and the tissue returns to normal within a short period of time e.g. sunburn
What is regeneration healing
Occurs in damaged tissue in which the cells are capable of mitosis. In which case the tissue can be replaced
What is replacement healing
Where damaged tissue cannot be replaced by identical cells. Tissue is replaced by tough connective tissue (scar tissue) this occurs in extensive tissue damage
What factors promote healing
Youth Good nutrition , proteins, fit A + C Adequate hemoglobin Good circulation Clean undisturbed wound No infection or further trauma to the site
What factors delay healing
Advanced age (reduced mitosis)
Poor nutrition
Dehydration
Anemia
Circulatory problems
Certain chronic diseases
Presence of other disorders such as diabetes or cancer
Irritation, excessive bleeding or excessive mobility
Infection, foreign material, exposure to radiation
Chemotherapy treatment
Prolonged use of glucocorticoids
Define first degree burns
Also known as superficial burns
Damage to the epidermis and may involve the upper dermis
Usually red + painful
Heal readily without scar formation
