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Modalities > Inflammation > Flashcards

Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Ultimate goals of inflammation repair?

A

Restore function, replace damaged tissue, promote regeneration of normal tissue

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2
Q

Inflammation “signs”

A

Heat, Redness, Swelling, Pain, and loss of function

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3
Q

How long is inflammation phase?

A

1 to 6 days

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4
Q

How long is proliferation phase?

A

3 to 20 days

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5
Q

How long is maturation phase?

A

9 days to 2 years

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6
Q

Inflammation Phase

A

Prepares wound for healing by destroying, diluting and isolating cells or agents that may be at fault. (Necessary prerequisite for healing)

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7
Q

Proliferation phase

A

Rebuild damaged structures and strengthens the wound

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8
Q

Maturation phase

A

Modifies the scar tissue into its mature form

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9
Q

What are the four inflammation phases

A

Vascular Response
Hemostatic Response
Cellular Response
Immune Response

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10
Q

Hyperemia

A

Increase in blood

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11
Q

Pain results from

A

The pressure of swelling and form irritation of pain-sensitive structures by chemicals released from damage cells

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12
Q

What causes vasodilation and increased permeability in venules?

A

Histamine

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13
Q

Histamine attracts _____________ to damaged tissue?

A

Leukocytes (WBC)

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14
Q

What’s two mediators control inflammation phase

A

Humoral and neural mediators

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15
Q

Vascular response sequence

A

Transient constriction —> vasodilation—>leukocyte migration—> increased vascular permeability

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16
Q

Vascular Respone

A

Swelling and redness

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17
Q

Homeostatic Response

A

Controls blood loss when vessels are damaged

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18
Q

Cellular Response

A

Leukocytes migrate to site to clear area of debris; sets stage for tissue repair

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19
Q

Immune response

A

Activates neutrophils and other infection fighting cells, complement system

20
Q

During cellular response (phagocytosis) what 3 what blood cells are released

A

Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils

21
Q

Phagocytosis

A

“Clean up” injury cite, major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris

22
Q

Monocytes converts into ____________ starting two days after injury

A

Macrophages

23
Q

T lymphocytes

A

Makes antibodies and inhibit bacteria and viruses

24
Q

Complement System

A

Plasma proteins, forms membrane attack complex, attracts leukocytes

25
Q

Proliferation phase

A

Covers wound and strengthens injury site

26
Q

4 processes that occur simultaneously for closure of wound

A

Epithelialization
Collagen production
Wound contraction
Neovascularization

27
Q

What is epithelialization?

A

The reestablishment of the epidermis that provides a protective barrier to prevent infection in loss of fluid

28
Q

Collagen production

A

A process of wound strengthening through fibroplasia

29
Q

Type 3 Collagen

A

Thin, weak-structure with NO consistent organization

30
Q

By day ___ the immature type 3 collagen starts to be replaced by type 1 collagen

A

12

31
Q

Wound Contraction

A

Final mechanism for repairing and injured area by pulling the edges of the injured site together

32
Q

The rate of wound contraction is proportional to the number of

A

Myofibroblasts

33
Q

Picture frame theory

A

States that myofibroblast located in the wound margins of open wound are responsible for centripetal forces that lead to wound contraction

34
Q

Contractors results from

A

Uncontrolled wound contracture
Adhesions
Tissue damage

35
Q

Neovascularization

A

The development of new blood supply to the injured area

36
Q

Granulation tissue

A

Newly formed capillaries, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts

37
Q

Primary intention

A

Minimal tissue loss and is closed with sutures (heals with wound contraction)

38
Q

Secondary intention

A

Significant loss of tissue/bacterial contamination (heals with wound contraction)

39
Q

Delayed primary intention

A

Skin grafts/sutures later

40
Q

Scar tissue

A

Immature tissue that is red, swollen, and easily damaged

41
Q

Maturation phase

A

Restoration of injured tissue to prior function

42
Q

Where is type 3 collagen found?

A

GI tract, uterus blood vessels in adults, first during healing tissue

43
Q

What are the healing issues of cartilage?

A

Cartilage has limited ability to heal due to the lack of lymphatic, blood vessels, and nerves.

44
Q

What are the healing issues with tendons and ligaments?

A

The potential for repair of the tissues depend on the type of tendon or ligament extent of damage,vascular supply,and duration of immobilization
Can achieve a state of repair close to regeneration

45
Q

What are the issues of healing in skeletal muscle

A

After a severe contusion and classified hematoma may develop

46
Q

What are the four stages of bone healing

A

Inflammation
soft Callus
hard callus
bone remodeling

Modalities (2 decks)

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