Inflammation

Question 1

What is inflammation

Answer 1

A protective tissue response to Injury which serves to destroy, dilute or wall-off both the injurious agent and Injured tissues

Question 2

Causes of inflammation

Answer 2

• infective agents
• physical agents
• immunologic agents
• chemical agents
• inert materials

Question 3

Cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 3

1) rubor
2) dolor
3) calor
4) tumor
5) loss of function

Question 4

Stages of acute inflammation

Answer 4

1) vasodilation.
2) increased vascular permeability
3) movement of WBCs from blood vessels into soft tissues at site of inflammation.

Question 5

What is acute inflammation?

Answer 5

Immediate reaction of the body’s tissues and its micro circulation to a pathogenic insult.

Question 6

What are the steps involved in movement of WBCs to soft tissues

Answer 6

1) rolling
2) pavementing
3) transmigration

Question 7

Leucocytes leave the vasculature routinely through a sequence of events which include;

Answer 7

(1) margination and rolling
(2) adhesion and transmigration
(3) chemotaxis and activation

Question 8

Early rolling adhesion is mediated by __ family

Answer 8

Selectin

E-selectin = Endothelium
L-selectin = leucocytes
P-selectin = platelets

Question 9

ICAM-1 binds __
VCAM-1 binds ___

Answer 9

LFA-1/MAC-1

VLA-4

Question 10

Transmigration occurs after form adhesion within systemic venules and pulmonary capillaries via

Answer 10

PECAM-1 (CD31)

Question 11

Injurious particles are opsonized by _

Answer 11

Serum complement, immunoglobulin (C3b, Fc portion of IgG)

Question 12

Reactive oxygen species forms through oxidative busrts that include ;

Answer 12

• increased 02 consumption
• glycogenolysis
• increased glucose oxidation
• formation of superoxide ion

Question 13

Other antimicrobials in leukocyte granules;

Answer 13

• Bactericidal permeability increasing protein
• lysozyme
• lactoferrin
• defensins