Inflammation Flashcards
5 signs of inflammation
- pain
- redness
- heat
- swelling
- loss of function
Abscess
localized area of inflammation w/ exudate (antibiotics don’t help, surg to remove)
Ulcer
inflammation in epitheial layer: skin or GI tissue
Keloid
abnormal healing due to excess collagen causing scar tissue in tumor-like mass
Granuloma
chronic inflam leads to lesions of macrophages (infection)
Dehiscence
partial/total seperation of wound due to stressors
Evisceration
Wound completely seperates, severe, (look for high fluid)
Fibrous tissue repair
-connective tissue: new cells and blood supply
Scar Tissue
low blood flow, scars no new functioning cells
Wound Healing Phases:
- Inflammatory: starts w/ injury: vasoconstrict, then vasodilate plateltes form clots and phagcytosis
- Proliferation Phase: day to weeks : granulation tissue forms, collagen, new capillares, wound contracts, new epithelal cells
- Maturation Phase: weeks to months: Collagen formed/removed to increase strength of wound
Acute Inflammation Vs Chronic
-acute: ST, rapid onset
-Chronic: LT, typically due to infections, scar tissue
3 outcomes of acute inflammation
- Resolves
- Progresses to cronic
- Necrosis/scaring/fluid
Vascular Stage of Acute Inflam
- high blood flow and vasodilation leads to vascular permability -> swelling, pain loss function (acts to dilute chemicals)
Cellular Stage of Acute Inflam
- Margination of WBCs
- endothelium
- Chemotxis (cells migrate to skin)
- Activation and phagocyotsis
Local Inflammation
redness, warmth, pain, swelling, heat, loss of function @ site of injury
Systemic Inflammation
fever, high WBCs, fibrongen, fatigue, headache, lethargy, high HR (affects whole body)
Factors Affecting Wound Healing
- age
- circulation/oxygen
- nutrition/fluid
- immune response
- infection
- chronic disease
- meds
Symps of Fever
anorexia, headache, fatigue, high HR, dehydration, confusion (part of systemic inflam)
Intermittent Fever
temp returns to normal once during 24 hours
Remittent
temp doesn’t return to normal and varies few degrees in either direction
Sustained
temp higher than normal w/ minimal variation
Relapsing Fever
one of more fevers w/in a few days
