Inflammation Flashcards
Physical Agents
- Include mechanical objects causing trauma to tissues
- Excessive heat or cold
- Radiation
5 Signs of Inflammation
- Pain
- Swelling
- Redness
- Heat
- Impaired function of the part if injury is severe
Chemical Agents
-External
- Strong acids
- Alkalis
- Poisons
- Irritating gasses
- Pollen, allergins, dust
Chemical Agents
-Internal Irritants
- Excessive hydrochloric acid
2. Give H2 blocker for excessive acid
Stages of Inflammation
- Vascular and cellular responses
- Exudate Production
- Reparative Phase
Regeneration
- Replacement of destroyed tissue cells that are identical or similar in structure and function
Inflammation Dx Test
-ESR
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- Primary lab test ordered to detect presence of inflammation
- Sed rate does not tell where the inflammation is in the body **
Inflammation Dx Test
-C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
- Protein found in the blood that is produced by the liver and fat cells in response to the inflammatory process
CRP is also found in heart failure
Inflammation Dx Test
-WBC
- differential may be ordered to determine the presence of an infection
- Above 11,000 shows infection **
Inflammation
-Caring Interventions
- Reduce Mobility to involved area
2. Elevation to reduce edema, antipyretics if fever is involved
Inflammation
-Diet Considerations
- Adequate carbs, protein, and vitamins
2. Vitamin C is an important nutrient to healing
Inflammation
-Purpose
- Process the body uses to destroy the pathogen
Avoiding Physical Irritants
-Pt Teaching
- Avoid extremely cold areas
2. Dress appropriately for the area
Mast Cells
- Release Histamine
2. Found in the bronchioles of the lungs
Pain in Inflammation is Caused by
- Pressure of fluid on the nerve endings
Scar Tissue Formation
- Only occurs when tissue cannot be restored to normal
Assessment for Inflammation
H&P is guided by
1. Part of the body involved
Inflammation
-Pharmacology Therapies
Always start with least potent to most potent
- Start w/ NSAIDs
- Corticosteroids: Do not discontinue abruptly
Inflammation
-Pharmacology: Corticosteroids Teaching
- Do not discontinue abruptly
2. Lowers Pt immune system
Natural Therapy
-Fish Oil
- Reduces cholesterol
2. Reduces Inflammation
Inflammation
-Stress
- Stress can trigger an inflammatory response
Inflammation
-#1 Nursing Dx
- Acute Pain
- Nurse should manage the pt’s pain
Ankle Sprain
-Intervention
- Ice, elevation, immobilize & wrap
- Motrin 3 times a day for 2 weeks
- Vitamin C
- Increase Hydration
1st thing to do in the ER for Pt with Inflammation
- Start and IV line **
- hydration
- medication
Inflammation Assessment
1. Pain
- Location & How it happened
- Pain Scale
- Did you take medication and did it help?
Inflammation Assessment
-Hx of Injury
- New or chronic
Inflammation Assessment
-Allergies
- Current medications
- Include NATURAL REMEDIES and Herbs
Inflammation Assessment
-Nutrition & Hydration
- What is Pt’s current diet and hydration status
Inflammation Assessment
-Full List
- Pain
- Hx of injury
- Allergies
- Nutrition & hydration
- Stress
- Recommendations
Recommendations
R/t Inflammation
- 10 minutes of vigorous exercise reduces stress for 2-4 hours
- Fish oil
- Hydration
- Decrease Stress
Most Common Inflammation Process Seen in ER?
- Ankle Sprain
Phagocytosis
- Removes particulate matter, bacteria, inflammatory exudate
