INFILTRATION

Question 1

What is infiltration in hydrology?

Answer 1

Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil.

Question 2

True or False: Infiltration rate is the speed at which water enters the soil.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What factors can affect infiltration rate?

Answer 3

Factors such as soil type, slope, vegetation cover, and antecedent soil moisture can affect infiltration rate.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Infiltration capacity is the maximum rate at which a particular soil can __________ water.

Answer 4

absorb

Question 5

What is the term used to describe when the soil becomes saturated and water begins to pond on the surface?

Answer 5

Saturation excess overland flow

Question 6

True or False: Infiltration rates are generally higher in sandy soils compared to clay soils.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What is the term for the process where water moves downward through the soil profile?

Answer 7

Percolation

Question 8

What is the relationship between infiltration and runoff in hydrology?

Answer 8

Infiltration reduces runoff by allowing water to enter the soil instead of running off the surface.

Question 9

What is the term for the movement of water from the soil surface into plant roots?

Answer 9

Infiltration-excess overland flow

Question 10

What is the equation used to calculate infiltration rate?

Answer 10

Infiltration rate = (Change in soil moisture + Precipitation - Evapotranspiration) / Time

Question 11

What is the term for the process where water moves laterally through the soil profile?

Answer 11

Lateral flow

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Infiltration is an important process in hydrology as it replenishes ____________ supplies.

Answer 12

groundwater

Question 13

True or False: Infiltration rates are higher in urban areas compared to rural areas due to impervious surfaces.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is the term for the movement of water across the soil surface?

Answer 14

Hortonian overland flow

Question 15

What is the term for the process where water moves upward through the soil profile?

Answer 15

Capillary rise

Question 16

What is the term for the movement of water within the soil pores?

Answer 16

Interstitial flow

Question 17

Fill in the blank: Infiltration is affected by the presence of ____________ in the soil.

Answer 17

macropores

Question 18

True or False: Infiltration rates are generally higher in compacted soils compared to loose soils.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What is the term for the process where water moves through cracks or fractures in the soil?

Answer 19

Macropore flow

Question 20

What is the relationship between soil compaction and infiltration rate?

Answer 20

Soil compaction can reduce infiltration rates by decreasing soil porosity.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: Infiltration is an important component of the ____________ cycle.

Answer 21

water

Question 22

True or False: Infiltration rates are higher in areas with dense vegetation compared to barren areas.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is the term for the process where water moves laterally through the soil due to gravity?

Answer 23

Saturated lateral flow

Question 24

What is the term for the process where water moves upward through the soil due to capillary action?

Answer 24

Capillary rise

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Infiltration is affected by the presence of ____________ in the soil.

Answer 25

compacted layers