Inffi 1, Swine diarrhea Flashcards
Edema disease
Disease of weaner and grower pigs, caused by e.coli. Fecal-oral route.
4-12 week weaners.
Ataxia/incoordination of the hind limbs, falling - earliest and most obvious sign!
Edema of eyelids and conjunctiva, face.
Occurs within 1 week after the change of diet, weaning, vaccination, regrouping.
Does NOT spread to other pens in the same farm
Possible death in 6-36h, no treatment because the toxins are already in bloodstream.
Post mortem findings of edema disease
Facial edema
Full stomach
Mesenteric edema
Post weaning diarrhea (PWD)
A disease of post-weaning period, caused by e.coli. Fecal-oral route.
3-10 days after weaning.
Sudden death of 1 or 2 pigs in good condition.
Severe diarrhea (watery and yellow), fever, dehydration, anorexia, weight loss.
Death in few days.
DOES spread to other pens in the same farm (within a short period)
AB treatment, electrolytes.
Post-mortem findings of post weaning diarrhea
Dehydration
Serofibrinous peritonitis
Fluid-filled intestines
Mesenteric edema
Swine dysentery
A disease of growing pigs (7-16 w old), caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Fecal-oral route.
Depression
Loss of appetite
Moderate fever
MUCOHEMORRAGIC DIARRHEA
Death possible due dehydration and toxemia.
Recovery in 3-4 weeks if not treated.
Spread within group slow, may spread to other pens.
Tends to be persistent in herds, cyclic occurrence.
AB-treatment
Post mortem findings of swine dysentery
Weight loss, dehydration
Colitis and typhlitis
Porcine colonic spirochetosis
Caused by B. pilosicoli, pigs 4-12 week of age, typically 7-14 d after weaning.
Reminds of swine dysentery, but diarrhea is mucoid and non-bloody, reduced feed conversion, depression and reduced growth rate.
Porcine proliferative enteritis
An enteric disease of growing-finishing pigs and young breeding pigs, commonly 12-20 w old growing pigs.
Caused by Lawsonia intracellularis, fecal-oral transmission.
Reduction in growth rate, fever, weight loss, DIARRHEA.
In PHE also: BLOODY DIARRHEA, DEATH (in 1-2d).
Host range includes pigs, horses, sheep, dogs, emus and ostriches.
Sporadic disease all year around, self-limiting (~10w).
AB treatment, vaccination.
4 forms of porcine proliferative enteritis
Porcine intestinal adenomatosis (PIA)
Porcine hemorrhagic enteritis (PHE)
Necrotic enteritis (NE)
Subclinical ileitis
Which ones of the 4 forms of porcine proliferative enteritis are most common?
Necrotic enteritis and subclinical ileitis
Which one of the 4 forms of porcine proliferative enteritis causes dark-red or black diarrhea?
Porcine hemorrhagic enteritis
In which one of the 4 forms of porcine proliferative enteritis the ileal wall is thickened in necropsy?
Porcine intestinal adenomatosis
In which one of the 4 forms of porcine proliferative enteritis there’s blood clots in lumen of ileum?
Porcine hemorrhagic enteritis
In which ones of the 4 forms of porcine proliferative enteritis the mortality is increased?
Porcine hemorrhagic enteritis and necrotic enteritis
3 coronaviruses affecting pigs
Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE)
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED)
Hemagglutinatin encephalomyelitis virus disease
Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE)
A highly contagious disease of pigs at any age caused by coronavirus (TGEV). Oral or aerosol trasmission.
Pigs are the main host, but temporary biological reservoirs are cats, dogs, foxes, rodents and birds.
Acute profuse diarrhea (watery, yellow-green, offensive odor)
Vomiting (yellow, foamy, slimy)
Depression, dehydration and high mortality.
No specific treatment, vaccination not in use in Finland or Estonia.
Recovered pigs are IMMUNE!
Post-mortem findings in transmissible gastroenteritis
Lesions in intestine and stomach
Thin and translucent intestinal wall
Distended with fluid ingesta
Atrophy of villi in the small intestine
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED)
A contagious disease of pigs of all ages, more severe in older, caused by coronavirus (PEDV). Fecal-oral route.
Characterized by gastroenteritis,
WATERY DIARRHEA (can be only symptom), similar to TGE but spread is slower, vomiting is rare.
Post-mortem findings similar to TGE
No specific treatment, vaccination not in use in Finland or Estonia.
Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus disease
(Vomiting and wasting disease (VWD))
A contagious disease of pigs, caused by coronavirus (PHEV), characterized by vomiting and wasting in piglets and neurological signs in others. Fecal-oral route.
Morbidity and mortality high.
2 syndromes:
Encephalitic form:
- intermittent vomiting 4-7d after birth, lasts for 1-2d
- muscle tremors and hyperesthesia after 1-3d -> sitting dog -position
- dyspnea, coma & death
VWD:
- repeated retching and vomiting
- rapid decline of condition: dehydration, cyanosis, coma and death in 1-6w due to starvation
No treatment, no vaccination
Post mortem findings of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus disease
(Vomiting and wasting disease (VWD))
Cachexia and abdominal distention
Stomach dilated and filled with gas
Encephalitic signs in 70-100% of pigs with nervous signs, 20-60% with VWD
