Inferential Stats Flashcards
Type of statistics? (2)
1) Descriptive statistics
2) Inferential statistics
What is Descriptive statistics?
To describe, organize and summarize data.
What is Inferential statistics?
To make interpretations from data.
Methods that use results from a sample to make conclusions
about a population (Statistical significance)
Examples of descriptive statistics?
1) Organize data
* Frequency distribution
2)Summarize data
* Measures of central tendency (Mean, median, mode)
* Measures of dispersion
(Standard deviation, variance, range)
* Measures of relationship
(Pearson, Spearman)
What is frequency distribution?
What is the median?
Divide the distribution in half. Take the middle number.
What is the mean?
Average of all results.
What is the range?
Difference between the largest and the smallest score.
What is standard deviation?
Indicates how each individual within a sample deviates from the sample mean.
What is standard error of the mean (SEM)?
Provides a measure of how much difference is reasonable to expect between a sample and its population.
What is inferential statistics?
Allow researchers to infer/generalize observations to the larger population.
What is the p-value?
Allow researchers to determine how likely it is that the observed difference between groups is due to random chance. Ex: “Probability that the difference is due to chance is 5%” - p-value=0.05
What is a null hypothesis?
Statement about the population parameter if there is no effect.
What p-value do we want for the null hypothesis?
Small p-value.
P-Value range?
The range between 0 (impossible) and 1 (certain).
