Inferential Statistics (Lecture 8) Flashcards
What does inference rely on?
Our data meeting certain assumptions
What’s inferential statistics?
The practice of using sampled data to draw conclusions or make predictions about a larger sample data or population.
What’s normal distribution?
A way of describing data that forms a symmetric, bell-shaped curve when plotted on a graph.
What does the Z-score measure?
How many standard deviations a data point lies from the mean in a distribution.
What’s the standard normal (S) distributions mean and SD?
Mean: 0, SD: 1
What does a standard normal table tell us?
The percentage of values that are less than a given Z-score.
What is a hypothesis test?
A type of statistical analysis in which you put your assumptions about a population parameter to the test.
What’s a population parameter?
Any average of percentage, that describes the entire population.
What’s the Alternative Hypothesis? (H1)
The prediction the researcher believes the sample data will support.
What’s the Null Hypothesis? (H0)
The statement/claim which we/the researcher are trying to disprove.
→ If we have sufficient evidence then the H0 is rejected.
What can we never do to the H1?
Accept it, we can only reject the H0
What does a higher Z score mean?
The lower the probability of observing the value
What does a significance level decide?
the degree of certainty required to reject the null hypothesis (H0)
What is the typical significance level?
0.05
What does the central limit theorem mean?
We can use the standard normal distribution to find the probability of obtaining any statistic we compute from our sample.
