Infective Endocarditis Flashcards
1
Q
steps to development of infection
A
- valve surface altered
- deposition of platelets and fibrin
- bacteria bind to NBTE, colonize
- build-up occurs, more fibrin, more bacteria
2
Q
3 organisms that commonly cause acute endocarditis
A
- S. aureus
- S. pneumoniae
- S. pyogenes
3
Q
2 organisms that commonly cause subacute endocarditis
A
- S. viridans
- HACEK
4
Q
organisms that cause prosthetic valve endocarditis
A
- early (60 days) - Streptococci
5
Q
most common organism causing endocarditis in IVDU
A
- S. aureus
6
Q
virulence factors favoring colonization
A
- dextran production: retards antimicrobial therapy
- FimA: surface adhesion protein, mediates attachment to platelet-fibrin molecules
7
Q
lab characteristics of S. aureus
A
- coagulase +
- catalase +
- beta hemolytic
- mannitol salt +
8
Q
characteristics of Abiotrophia spp.
A
- requires L-cysteine or pyridoxal vitamin B6
- NF of URT, urogenital tract, and GI
- seen in subacute endocarditis
- prone to systemic embolization
9
Q
characteristics of group D strep
A
- grows in 6.5% NaCl
- bile esculin positive
- PYR positive
10
Q
characteristics of S. mutans
A
- associated with cavities
- bile -esculin positive
11
Q
characteristics of S. bovis
A
- NF of GI tract
- does not grow in 6.5% NaCl
- associated with GI lesions and colon cancer
12
Q
HACEK organisms
A
- Haemophilus parainfluenzae
- Aggregatibacter
- Cardiobacterium hominus
- Eikenella corrodens
- Kingella kingae
13
Q
presentation of HACEK
A
- granular growth in broth
- large friable vegetations
- frequent emboli
- development of CHF
14
Q
difference between Haemophilus parainfluenzae and influenzae
A
- parainfluenzae grows on blood and chocolate agar
- influenzae only grows on chocolate
15
Q
characteristics of aggregatibacter
A
- most common HACEK infection
- associated with periodontal disease
- significant embolization
