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ΩΩ 3a Bateman - Paeds > Infectious Diseases > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ARE THE CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS OF EACH OF THESE DISEASE?

Roseloa

Hand, foot, and mouth

Scarlet Fever

Slapped check/Fifth Disease

A

Roseloa = HHV6

Hand, foot, and mouth = Coxackie A16

Scarlet Fever = Group A strep

Slapped check/Fifth Disease = Parvovirus A19

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2
Q

What is Kawazaki disease?

A

Kawasaki disease is a type of vasculitis which is predominately seen in children

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3
Q

What is the cause of Kawazaki disease?

Who is most at risk?

A

Unknown

Under 5 most at risk

Boys more than girls

Japanese or Korean more at risk

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4
Q

What are the symptoms of Kawazaki disease?

A

3 stages

1st stage >5 days
Fever > 39 degrees
Red eyes
Swollen lymph nodes

2nd stage
Strawberry tongue
Peeling of skin on hands
Joint pain
Vomiting

3rd stage
Reduction of symptoms, can be as long as 8 weeks

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5
Q

How do you diagnose Kawazaki disease?

A

Diagnosis of exlcusion

Can test for complications

Blood tests
BNP released when the heart is under stress

ECG

Echocardiogram
Coronary artery aneurysm

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6
Q

What is the treatment of Kawazaki disease?

A

High dose aspirin
High doses can treat inflammation

Gamma globulin
Reduce the risk of conorary artery problems

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7
Q

What ar the complications of Kawazaki disease?

A

Coronary arteries anneurysm

Inflammation of the heart muscle

Heart valve problems

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8
Q

What is measles?

A

Measles, or rubeola, is a viral infection that starts in the respiratory system

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9
Q

What is the cause of measles?

How is measles spread?

A

Paramyxovirus family

Respiratory droplets

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of measles?

What classic spots are seen?

A

Prodrome

  1. Irritable
  2. Conjunctivitis
  3. Fever

FEVER FOR 3 - 5 DAYS THEN

**Koplik spots (before rash)**
White spots ('grain of salt') on buccal mucosa

Rash
Starts behind ears then to whole body, discrete maculopapular rash becoming blotchy & confluent

diarrhoea occurs in around 10% of patients

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11
Q

How do you diagnose measles?

A
  1. IgM antibodies
  2. Throat swab to identify the virus
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12
Q

What is the treatment for measles?

A

Mainly supportive

Admission may be considered in immunosuppressed or pregnant patients

Notifiable disease → inform public health

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13
Q

What are the complications of measles?

A
  1. Otitis media: the most common complication
  2. Pneumonia: the most common cause of death
  3. Encephalitis: typically occurs 1-2 weeks following the onset of the illness)
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14
Q

How should management of contacts who have not been vaccinated with measles be treated?

A

Vaccine given within 72 hours

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15
Q

What is chickenpox?

A

Chickenpox is an infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus

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16
Q

What are the symptoms of chickenpox?

A

Fever initially

Itchy, rash starting on head/trunk before spreading. Initially macular then papular then vesicular

Systemic upset is usually mild

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17
Q

What stages does the rash go through in chickenpox?

A

Raised pink or red bumps (papules), which break out over several days

Small fluid-filled blisters (vesicles), which form in about one day and then break and leak

Crusts and scabs, which cover the broken blisters and take several more days to heal

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18
Q

How do you diagnose chickenpox?

A

History

Examination

Can do blood tests and a culture of lesion samples

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19
Q

What is the treatment for chickenpox?

A

No treatment necessary

Antihistamines for the itching

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20
Q

What is the prevention for chicken pox in a pregnant woman <20 weeks and >20 weeks?

A

<20 weeks
Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) within 10 days

>20 weeks
Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) or acyclovir between 7-14 days

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21
Q

What are the complications of chicken pox?

A

Pneumonia

Encephalitis (cerebellar involvement may be seen)

Disseminated haemorrhagic chickenpox

Arthritis, nephritis and pancreatitis may very rarely be seen

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22
Q

What is Rubella?

A

Rubella is a contagious viral infection best known by its distinctive red rash.

It’s also called German measles or three-day measles.

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23
Q

What are the symptoms of rubella?

A
  1. Prodrome, e.g. low-grade fever
  2. Rash: maculopapular, initially on the face before spreading to the whole body, usually fades by the 3-5 day
  3. Lymphadenopathy: suboccipital and postauricular
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24
Q

What are the complications of rubella?

A
  1. Arthritis
  2. Encephalitis
  3. Myocarditis
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25
Q

How is rubella spread?

A

Droplet

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26
Q

How do you diganose rubella?

A
  1. Saliva Sample
    • Serologically
    • Rubella specific IgM
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27
Q

What is the treatment for rubella?

A

Viral so nothing

Bed rest

Fluids

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28
Q

What is diphtheria?

A

Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection that affects the mucous membranes of the throat and nose

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29
Q

What is the cause of diphtheria?

How is it spread?

A
  1. Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  2. The condition is typically spread through person-to-person contact or through contact with objects that have the bacteria on them, such as a cup or used tissue.
  3. You may also get diphtheria if you’re around an infected person when they sneeze, cough, or blow their nose.
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30
Q

What are the symptoms of diphtheria?

A
  1. A thick, gray membrane covering your throat and tonsils
  2. A sore throat and hoarseness
  3. Swollen glands (enlarged lymph nodes) in your neck
  4. Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
  5. Nasal discharge
  6. Fever and chills
  7. Malaise
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31
Q

What are the complications of diphtheria?

A

Breathing problems

Heart damage

Nerve damage

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32
Q

How is diphtheria diagnosed?

A
  1. Culture of throat swab
    • Uses tellurite agar or Loeffler’s media
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33
Q

What is the treatment of diphtheria?

A

Antibiotics
Penicillin OR erythromycin

Antitoxin

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34
Q

What is scalded skin syndrome?

A

Staph scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is an illness characterised by red blistering skin that looks like a burn or scald, hence its name staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.

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35
Q

What causes scalded skin syndrome?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

Two exotoxins (epidermolytic toxins A and B) from toxigenic strains of the bacteria

Desmosomes are the part of the skin cell responsible for adhering to the adjacent skin cell.

The toxins bind to a molecule within the desmosome called Desmoglein 1 and break it up so the skin cells become unstuck.

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36
Q

What are the symptoms of scalded skin syndrome?

A

SSSS usually starts with fever, irritability and widespread redness of the skin.

Within 24-48 hours fluid-filled blisters form.

These rupture easily, leaving an area that looks like a burn

Rash characteristics include:
Tissue paper-like wrinkling of the skin is followed by the appearance of large fluid-filled blisters (bullae) in the armpits, groin and body orifices such as the nose and ears.

Rash spreads to other parts of the body including the arms, legs and trunk. In newborns, lesions are often found in the diaper area or around the umbilical cord.

Top layer of skin begins peeling off in sheets, leaving exposed a moist, red and tender area. Nikolsky sign is positive (ie gentle strokes result in exfoliation)

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37
Q

How do you diagnose scalded skin syndrome?

A
  1. Tzanck smear (skin scraping)
  2. Skin biopsy, which shows intraepidermal cleavage at the granular layer
  3. Bacterial culture from skin, blood, urine or umblical cord sample (in a newborn baby)
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38
Q

What is the treatment for scalded skin syndrome?

A

Hospitalisation

IV Flucloxacillin

Nafcillin, oxacillin, cephalosporin and clindamycin.

Vancomycin is used in infections suspected with methicillin resistance (MRSA)

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39
Q

What is whooping cough?

A

Whooping cough is an infection caused by a germ (bacterium) called Bordetella pertussis.

Whooping cough is also known as ‘pertussis’

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40
Q

What are the symptoms of whooping cough?

A

Early stage (catarrhal stage)
Sore throat, runny nose, mild cough

Main coughing stage (paroxymal phase)
Cough becoems paroxysmal, bouts of intense coughing
Whooping noise is on the inspiration (not always present)

Easing stage (convalescent phase)
The bouts of coughing then ease gradually over a period which can last up to three months or more

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41
Q

When are you vaccinated against pertusis?

A

2 Months (8 weeks)

3 Months (12 weeks)

4 Months (16 weeks)

4 Months - 3 Years (4-in-1 preschool booster)

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42
Q

What is the diagnostic criteria for whooping cough?

A

Acute cough that has lasted for 14 days or more without another apparent cause + 1 or more of the following:

Paroxysmal cough.

Inspiratory whoop.

Post-tussive vomiting.

Undiagnosed apnoeic attacks in young infants.

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43
Q

How do you diagnose whooping cough?

A
  1. A nasal swab culture and test
    Make take days or weeks to come back
  2. A chest X-ray
    Complication of pneumonia in whooping cough
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44
Q

How do you treat whooping cough?

A
  1. Antibiotics (Marcolides) to kill the baceria
    • Erythromycin
    • Clarythromycin
    • Azithromycin
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45
Q

What is polio?

A

Polio is a contagious viral illness that in its most severe form causes nerve injury leading to paralysis, difficulty breathing and sometimes death.

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46
Q

What is the cause of polio?

A

Poliovirus can be transmitted through direct contact with someone infected with the virus or, less commonly, through contaminated food and water

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47
Q

When is the polio vaccine administered?

A
  1. 2 months old - 6 in 1
  2. 3 months old - 6 in 1
  3. 4 months old - 6 in 1
  4. 3 years and 4 months of age – as part of the 4-in-1 (DTaP/IPV) pre-school booster
  5. 14 years of age – as part of the 3-in-1 (Td/IPV) teenage booster
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48
Q

What are the symptoms of polio?

A

A small number of people will experience a flu-like illness 3 to 21 days after they’re infected.

Symptoms can include:
A high temperature (fever) of 38C (100.4F) or above
A sore throat
A headache
Abdominal (tummy) pain
Aching muscles
Feeling and being sick

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49
Q

How do you diagnose polio?

A

Medical history
Neck and back stiffness, abnormal relfexes, and difficulty swallowing and breathing

CSF
Test of polio virus

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50
Q

What is the treatment for polio?

A

No cure for polio

Supportive treatments

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51
Q

What is tuberculosis (TB)?

A

Tuberculosis (TB) is an ongoing (chronic) infection caused by bacteria. It usually infects the lungs.

52
Q

What are the stages of TB?

A

Exposure

Latent TB infection

TB disease

53
Q

What cause TB in a child?

A

TB is caused by bacteria.

It’s most often caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis).

Many children infected with M. tuberculosis never develop active TB and remain in the latent TB stage.

54
Q

What are the symptoms of TB?

A

Coughing that lasts three or more weeks

Coughing up blood

Chest pain, or pain with breathing or coughing

Unintentional weight loss

Fatigue

Fever

Night sweats

Chills

Loss of appetite

55
Q

What is the vaccination for TB?

A

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

56
Q

How do you diagnose TB?

A

Latent TB

  1. Mantoux test

Active TB

  1. Sputum culutre - GOLD STANDARD
  2. Sputum smear
    Stained for the presence of acid-fast bacilli (Ziehl-Neelsen stain)
  3. Chest x-ray
    Upper love cavitation
    Bilteral hilar lymphadenopathy
  4. NAAT testing
57
Q

What is the treatment for TB?

A

Rifampicin - 6 months

Isoniazid - 6 months

Pyrazinamide - 2 months

Ethambutol - 2 months

58
Q

What is HIV?

A

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

59
Q

How is HIV transmitted?

A

HIV can be transmitted during sexual intercourse, pregnancy (i.e., from mother to fetus), childbirth, breastfeeding, and other forms of exposure to bodily fluids that carry the virus

60
Q

How is HIV transmitted to children?

A

More than 90 percent of HIV infections in children result from mother-to-child-transmission

Where the virus is passed from a mother living with HIV to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding

61
Q

What are the symptoms of HIV?

A
  1. Lack of energy
  2. Delayed growth and development
  3. Persistent fever, sweating
  4. Frequent diarrhea
  5. Enlarged lymph nodes
  6. Repeated or prolonged infections that don’t respond well to treatment
  7. Weight loss
  8. Failure to thrive
62
Q

What infections are HIV infected indiviuals more likely to develop?

A

Sinus infections

Sepsis

Pneumonias

Tuberculosis

Urinary tract infections

Intestinal illness

Skin disease

Meningitis

63
Q

How do you diagnose HIV?

A
  1. Serology looking for antibodies
  2. Look for antigens
64
Q

What is the treatment for HIV?

A

ART therapy

65
Q

What is meningitis?

A

Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and the spinal cord

66
Q

What causes meningitis?

A

Meningitis is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection that invades the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF).

67
Q

What bacteria and viruses cause meningitis?

A

Neonatal to 3 months

  1. Listeria monocytogenes
  2. Group B Streptococcus
  3. E. coli and other Gram -ve organisms

1 month and above

  1. Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)
  2. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
  3. Haemophilus influenzae

1 month to 6 years
H. influenzae

68
Q

What are the symptoms of meningitis?

A
  1. Neck and/or back pain
  2. Headache
  3. Sleepiness
  4. Confusion
  5. Irritability
  6. Fever
  7. Refusing to eat
  8. Decreased level of consciousness
  9. Seizures
  10. Photophobia (sensitivity to light)
  11. Nausea and vomiting
  12. Neck stiffness
69
Q

What is the diagnosis for meningitis?

A
  1. Lumbar puncture - CT to check if at risk patient
    Gram stain, culute and sensitivity
    Cell count
    Biochemistry - glucose, protein, lactate
  2. Blood cultures
  3. Blood testing
    FBC, U&Es, LFTs
  4. Glucose
70
Q

What is the treatment for meningitis?

A

IM benzylpenicillin

<3 months
Cefotaxime + Amoxocillin

>3 months
Ceftriaxone

Sometimes dexamethosome added to help inflammatory response

71
Q

What do you give to contacts of meningitis for prophylaxis?

A

Rifampicin OR Ciprofloxacin

72
Q

What is encephalitis?

A

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain

73
Q

What are some causes of encephalitis?

A
  1. HSV - Number 1 cuase in UK
  2. HIV
  3. Measles
  4. Mumps
  5. Poliomyelitis
  6. Coxsackie virus
  7. Herpes zoster
74
Q

What are the symptoms of encephalitis?

A

Encephalitis presents in a similar manner to an abscess:

A short history of:

  1. Headache, pyrexia, confusion, vomiting
  2. An important negative is the absence of neck stiffness

Developing into:

  1. Epilepsy
  2. Focal neurological signs
  3. Cognitive impairment
75
Q

What are the investigations for encephalitis?

A
  1. CSF: lymphocytosis, elevated protein
  2. PCR for HSV
  3. CT: medial temporal and inferior frontal changes (e.g. petechial haemorrhages) - normal in one-third of patients
  4. MRI is better
  5. EEG pattern: lateralised periodic discharges at 2 Hz
76
Q

What is the treatment for encephalitis?

A
  1. IV acyclovir
77
Q

What are the complications of encephalitis?

A
  1. SIADH
  2. DIC
  3. Cardiac and respiratory arrest
78
Q

What is slapped cheek syndrome?

What other name does it go by?

A

Condition caused by parvovirus

It’s sometimes called slapped-cheek disease because of the distinctive face rash that develops.

Parvovirus infection has also been known as fifth disease because, historically, it was fifth in a list of common childhood illnesses characterized by a rash

79
Q

What is the cause of slapped cheek syndrome?

A

Human parvovirus B19

80
Q

What are the symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome?

A

RASH
Several days after the appearance of early symptoms, a distinctive bright red rash may appear on your child’s face — usually on both cheeks. Eventually it may spread to the arms, trunk, thighs and buttocks, where the rash has a pink, lacy, slightly raised appearance. The rash may be itchy, especially on the soles of the feet.

Fever

Upset stomach

Headache

Runny nose

81
Q

What is the treatment for slapped cheek syndrome?

A

For an uncomplicated parvovirus infection, self-care treatment at home is generally sufficient.

People with severe anemia may need to stay in the hospital and receive blood transfusions.

Those with weakened immune systems may receive antibodies, via immune globulin injections, to treat the infection.

82
Q

WHAT IS SCARLET FEVER?

A

Scarlet fever results from an infection with Streptococcus pyogenes or group A beta haemolytic streptococci that produces an erythrogenic toxin

Group A beta haemolytic streptococci is commonly found on the skin or in the throat and is responsible for causing bacterial sore throat or “strep throat”

83
Q

What are the symptoms of scarlet fever?

A
  1. Fever: typically lasts 24 to 48 hours

THEN

  1. Malaise, headache, nausea/vomiting
  2. Sore throat
  3. ‘Strawberry’ tongue
  4. Rash
    - - Fine punctate erythema (‘pinhead’) which generally appears first on the torso and spares the palms and soles
    - - It is often described as having a rough ‘sandpaper’ texture
    - - Desquamination occurs later in the course of the illness, particularly around the fingers and toes
84
Q

How do you diagnose scarlet fever?

A
  1. Throat swab
  2. Treatment should be started immediately rather than waiting for the results
85
Q

What is the treatment for scarlet fever?

A
  1. Oral penicillin V for 10 days
  2. If allergic then azithromycin
    • Children can return to school 24 hours after commencing antibiotics
    • Scarlet fever is a notifiable disease
86
Q

What is hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Acute viral illness characterized by vesicular eruptions in the mouth and papulovesicular lesions of the distal limbs

87
Q

What viruses cause hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Coxsackie A16 virus, although other group A and B Coxsackie viruses may be causative.

Less commonly, but more seriously, it can be caused by enterovirus 71.

88
Q

What are the symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease?

A
  1. Mild systemic upset: sore throat, fever
  2. Oral ulcers

​Followed later

  1. By vesicles on the palms and soles of the feet
89
Q

What is the diagnosis of hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Diagnosis is usually based on clinical grounds

Diagnosing techniques include:

  1. Coxsackie A (generally A16) virus is isolated from lesions and stools
  2. Serum testing may reveal a specific antibody
90
Q

What is the management for hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Symptomatic treatment only
General advice about hydration and analgesia

Reassurance no link to disease in cattle

Children do not need to be excluded from school
The HPA recommends that children who are unwell should be kept off school until they feel better
They also advise that you contact them if you suspect that there may be a large outbreak.

91
Q

WHAT IS ROSEOLA INFANTUM?

A

Roseola infantum (also known as exanthem subitum, occasionally sixth disease)

caused by the human herpes virus 6 (HHV6)

92
Q

What is roseola infantum caused by?

A

Caused by the human herpes virus 6 (HHV6)

93
Q

At what age does roseola occur?

A

6-18 months

94
Q

What are the symptoms of roseola infantum?

Whats spots are seen and where are they?

A
  1. High fever lasting a few days

Followed later by a

  1. Maculopapular rash
  2. Nagayama spots: papular enanthem on the uvula and soft palate
  3. Febrile convulsions occur in around 10-15%
  4. Diarrhoea and cough are also commonly seen
95
Q

What are the complications of roeola infantum?

A
  1. Febrile convulsions
  2. Aseptic meningitis
  3. Hepatitis
96
Q

What is the management of roseola infantum?

A

Supportive

97
Q

What conditions don’t require exclusion from school?

A
  1. Fifth disease (slapped cheek)
  2. Roseola
  3. Head lice
  4. Threadworms
  5. Hand, foot and mouth
98
Q

What disease require exclusion 24 hours after starting antibiotics?

A

Scarlet fever

99
Q

What disease requires 2 days exclusion after commencing antibiotics (or 21 days from onset of symptoms if no antibiotics)?

A

Whooping cough

100
Q

What conditions require 4 days exclsuion from onset of rash?

A
  1. Measles
  2. Rubella
101
Q

What requires exclusion 5 days after swollen glands?

A

Mumps

102
Q

What condition require exclusion after all vesicles have crusted over?

A

Chicken pox

103
Q

What is impetigo?

A

Impetigo is a superficial bacterial skin infection usually caused by either Staphylcoccus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

It can be a primary infection or a complication of an existing skin condition such as eczema (in this case), scabies or insect bites.

104
Q

What are the symptoms of impetigo?

A

Multiple lesions affecting the face or extremities. They may be macules, vesicles, bullae or pustules.

Characteristic honey coloured or golden, gummy crusts in streptococcal infection which leave denuded red areas when removed.

Bullae are more prominent in staphylococcal infection and in infants.

105
Q

How do you diagnose impetigo?

A

Usually clinical

106
Q

What is the treatment for impetigo?

A
  1. Localised non-bullous impetigo, you can consider prescribing Hydrogen peroxide 1% cream
  2. Only if this is ‘unsuitable’, should you consider topical antibiotics
    * *fusidic acid 2% - first line**
    * *Mupirocin 2% - second line if fusidic acid resistance is suspected or confirmed)**

Neither referral nor admission are required for this simple primary care presentation

107
Q

What are the different causative agents for meningitis?

A

Neonatal to 3 months
Group B Streptococcus: usually acquired from the mother
E. coli and other Gram -ve organisms
Listeria monocytogenes

1 month to 6 years
Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
Haemophilus influenzae

**Greater than 6 years**
Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
108
Q

What is candidia (nappy rash)?

A

Candidiasis is commonly superimposed on napkin dermatitis. It causes a bright red rash involving the flexures. Discrete satellite lesions may be present. Oral thrush is common.

109
Q

What are the characteristic lesions in nappy rash candidia?

A
  1. Satelite lesions
110
Q

What is the treatment of candida (nappy rash)?

A
  1. Nystatin cream
  2. Imidazole cream - Canesten or Daktarin.
111
Q

What is oral candidia?

A

Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection of the oral mucosa

112
Q

What are the risk factors for oral candidia infection?

A
  1. Hematinic deficiency - vitamin B12, ferritin, folic acid
  2. Immunosuppressive drugs
  3. Endocrine disease – diabetes, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism
  4. Blood dyscrasias or advanced malignancy
113
Q

What are the symptoms of oral candida?

A
  1. Often asymptomatic
    * *Can present with**
  2. Dysphagia
  3. Burning and soreness as well as sensitivity to acidic and spicy foods
  4. Altered taste sensation
114
Q

What is the treatment of candidiasis in children?

A
  1. Miconazole oral gel - 7 days
  2. If under 4 months
    Nyastatin - 7 days
115
Q

What is staph toxic shock syndrome?

A

Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome describes a severe systemic reaction to staphylococcal exotoxins, the TSST-1 superantigen toxin

116
Q

What are the causes of staph toxic shock syndrome?

A
  1. Young females at the time of menstruation - increase in females who use vaginal tampons
117
Q

What are the clinical features of toxic shock syndrome?

A

Fever
Temperature > 38.9ºC

Hypotension
Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg

Diffuse erythematous rash

Desquamation of rash, especially of the palms and soles

involvement of three or more organ systems: e.g. gastrointestinal (diarrhoea and vomiting), mucous membrane erythema, renal failure, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, CNS involvement (e.g. confusion)

118
Q

What is the management for toxic shock syndrome?

A
  1. Removal of infection focus (e.g. retained tampon)
  2. IV fluids
  3. IV antibiotics - Flucloxacillin
119
Q

What is the mnemonic for day of rash appearing after fever?

A
120
Q

What are each of these bacteria responsible for causing?

Group A haemolytic Strep

Coxsackie A16

Parovirus B19

A

Group A haemolytic Strep = Scarlett Fever

Coxsackie A16 = Hand, foot and mouth

Parovirus B19 = Slapped Cheek Syndrome

121
Q

How long does the fever last in these conditions before a rash appears?

Measles

Scarlett Fever

Fifth Disase

Roseola

A
  1. Scarlett Fever - 1-2 days
  2. Measles - 2-4 days
  3. Roseola - 3-5 days
  4. Fifth disease - 4-14 days
122
Q

How does the rash spread in measles?

A

Start on head and spreads to trunk and extemities

123
Q

How does the rash present in scarlett fever?

A

Fine, erythematous papular eruption

124
Q

How does the rash present in fifth disease?

A

Pruritic, lacy rash sparing palmes and soles

125
Q

How does the rash present in roseola?

A

Tiny eryrthematous papules on trunk spreading to neck/extremities

ΩΩ 3a Bateman - Paeds (19 decks)

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