Infectious Diseases Flashcards
What are the beta lactic antibiotics
penicillins
cephalosporins
monobactams
carbapenams
What are the glyopeptides
vancomycin
teicoplanin
what are the inhibitors of 30s ribosomal sub unit
aminoglcosides
tetracycline
what are the inhibitors of 50s ribosomal subunit
chloramphenicol
clindamycin
macrocodes
fusidic acid
what drugs block folic acid synthesis
trimethoprim
sulphonamides
What Abs block DNA gyrase
fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin)
What are the 4 main mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
antibiotic inactivation
alteration of antibiotic target sites
decreased antibiotic permeability of cell wall
active antibiotic efflux
what are the escappm bacteria
Gram negatives with inducible chromosomal mediated beta lactase production, inactive 3rd gen cephalosporins
Need meropenum
enterobacter serratia citrobacter acientobacter pseudomonas proteus morganella
Woman from SE Asia with pyelonephritis, what Rx
meropenum or cotrimaxole
klebsiella or e.coli with ESBL
What is the gene that encodes MRSA
MEC A gene
alters PBP therefore penicillin can’t bind
What are examples of the different generations of cephalosporins
1st: cephalexin and cephazolin
2nd: cefuroxime
3rd: ceftriaxone and ceftazidime
4th: cefepime
5th: ceftaroline
ICU patient with resistant GNB on meropenum - what is it and how to treat?
Likely strentophonomonous maltophilia
Treat with bactrim
What antibiotic to use if treating GNB with severe penicillin allergy
aztreonam
What are the aminoglycosides
gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, neomycin
acute against mose gram negatives including pseudomonas, no gram positive
What are the macrolides
erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin
wide spectrum against GP cocci as well as atypical legionella, mycoplasma, chlamydia
